Shloka 78

तमुद्यतगदं दृष्टवा सशृज्भमिव पर्वतम्‌ । तावकानां भयं घोरं समपद्यत भारत,भारत! शुंगयुक्त पर्वतके समान उन्हें गदा उठाये आते देख आपके सैनिकोंके मनमें घोर भय समा गया

tam udyata-gadaṁ dṛṣṭvā saśṛṅgam iva parvatam | tāvakānāṁ bhayaṁ ghoraṁ samapadyata bhārata ||

Sañjaya dit : Le voyant s’avancer, la massue levée—tel une montagne dressée avec ses pics—tes guerriers, ô Bhārata, furent saisis d’une effroyable terreur.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उद्यत-गदम्having a raised mace
उद्यत-गदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यतगद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
स-शृङ्गम्with peaks/horns
स-शृङ्गम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसशृङ्ग
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पर्वतम्a mountain
पर्वतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तावकानाम्of your (people/soldiers)
तावकानाम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समपद्यतarose/occurred/befell
समपद्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
T
tāvakāḥ (Kaurava soldiers)
G
gadā (mace)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical-psychological dimension of warfare: courage and visible readiness can determine outcomes by breaking the opponent’s morale. It implies that inner steadiness (dhairya) is as crucial as physical strength, since fear can overwhelm an army even before combat fully engages.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a powerful warrior is seen approaching with a mace raised, compared to a peak-crested mountain. This sight causes the Kaurava troops (‘your men’) to be overtaken by intense fear.