Shloka 19

Devanagari script

तेनावध्या रणे पार्था जययुक्ताश्च पार्थिव । तव पुत्रा दुरात्मान: पापेष्वभिरता: सदा

Transliteration

tenāvadhyā raṇe pārthā jayayuktāś ca pārthiva | tava putrā durātmānaḥ pāpeṣv abhiratāḥ sadā ||

Translation

Sañjaya dit : «C’est pourquoi, ô roi, les fils de Pṛthā sont invincibles au combat et demeurent fermement rangés du côté de la victoire. Mais tes fils ont l’intention mauvaise, se complaisant sans cesse dans les voies du péché.»

Word by Word

तेनby that (means/therefore)

अवध्याःnot to be slain, invincible

रणेin battle

पार्थाःthe sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas)

जययुक्ताःendowed with victory, victorious

चand

पार्थिवO king

तवof you, your

पुत्राःsons

दुरात्मानःevil-souled, wicked

पापेषुin sins, in evil deeds

अभिरताःengaged, devoted

सदाalways

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Pārthāḥ (Pāṇḍavas)

Pārthiva (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Kauravas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Victory is portrayed as naturally accompanying dharmic character: those aligned with righteousness become “invincible,” while habitual indulgence in wrongdoing weakens one’s cause and invites ruin.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, contrasting the Pāṇḍavas’ battle-worthiness and auspicious momentum with the Kauravas’ moral decline, implying that ethical disposition is shaping the war’s outcome.