Shloka 18
Sainyavinyāsa–Lakṣaṇa (Disposition of Armies and Battlefield Omens) | सैन्यविन्यास–लक्षणम्
संव्यूह् मानुषं व्यूहं दैवं गान्धर्वमासुरम् दिवसे दिवसे प्राप्ते भीष्म: शान्तनवोडग्रणी:
saṃvyūhya mānuṣaṃ vyūhaṃ daivaṃ gāndharvam āsuram | divase divase prāpte bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavo 'grāṇīḥ ||
Sañjaya dit : À mesure que chaque jour se levait, Bhīṣma—fils de Śāntanu et le plus éminent des chefs—rangeait les forces des Kaurava en formations successives : humaine, divine, semblable à celle des gandharva, et démoniaque. Ainsi se tenait-il à la tête de l’armée, façonnant la stratégie du jour et donnant au conflit sa mesure par une discipline rigoureuse et une puissance guerrière écrasante.
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights disciplined leadership and strategic order in war: day by day, the commander adapts formations to circumstances. Ethically, it underscores the kṣatriya sphere where duty is carried out through organization and resolve, even amid morally fraught conflict.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Bhīṣma, leading the Kauravas, arranges the army each day in different named formations—human, divine, gandharva, and asura—taking position at the front as the battle’s guiding commander.