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Shloka 12

Adhyāya 112: Bhīṣma-prati Arjunasya Pravṛttiḥ

Arjuna’s Forward Drive Toward Bhīṣma

अथोपायान्महाराज सव्यसाची धनंजय: । त्रासयन्‌ रथिन: सर्वान्‌ बीभत्सुरपराजित:

athopāyān mahārāja savyasācī dhanañjayaḥ | trāsayan rathinaḥ sarvān bībhatsur aparājitaḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : Alors, ô Roi, Dhanañjaya Arjuna—célèbre sous le nom de Savyasācī pour son égale adresse des deux mains—s’avança vers eux. Invaincu au combat, le redoutable Bībhatsu jeta l’effroi parmi tous les guerriers de char en se rapprochant.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उपायात्approached/came near
उपायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-या (धातु: या)
Formलुङ् (aorist), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
सव्यसाचीambidextrous (able to shoot with the left hand too)
सव्यसाची:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
त्रासयन्frightening
त्रासयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्रासयत् (धातु: त्रस्/त्रास्, णिच्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
बीभत्सुःBībhatsu (Arjuna)
बीभत्सुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबीभत्सु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अपराजितःunconquered/undefeated
अपराजितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपराजित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja)
A
Arjuna
D
Dhanañjaya
S
Savyasācī
B
Bībhatsu
R
rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of resolute action: Arjuna advances without being overcome, embodying disciplined courage and mastery (savyasācī). Ethically, it frames battlefield prowess as a function of steadfastness in one’s ordained duty rather than mere aggression.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna moves forward toward the opposing chariot-warriors. His approach itself becomes a psychological force—he terrifies the rathins—indicating that Arjuna is pressing the battle and challenging the enemy line.