Shloka 3

Devanagari script

क्षमा धृतिरहिंसा च समता सत्यमार्जवम्‌ | अक्रोधश्वानसूया च शौचं दाक्ष्यं पराक्रम:,आनन्द, प्रसन्नता, उन्नति, प्रकाश, सुख, कृपणताका अभाव, निर्भयता, संतोष, श्रद्धा, क्षमा, धैर्य, अहिंसा, समता, सत्य, सरलता, क्रोधका अभाव, किसीके दोष न देखना, पवित्रता, चतुरता और पराक्रम--ये सत्त्वगुणके कार्य हैं

Transliteration

kṣamā dhṛtir ahiṃsā ca samatā satyam ārjavam | akrodhaś cān asūyā ca śaucaṃ dākṣyaṃ parākramaḥ ||

Translation

Vāyu-deva dit : «La patience, la constance, la non-violence (ahiṃsā), l’équanimité, la véracité et la droiture ; l’absence de colère, le refus de chercher les fautes d’autrui, la pureté, l’habileté et la vaillance — telles sont les expressions caractéristiques de la qualité de sattva (sattva-guṇa).»

Word by Word

क्षमाforbearance, forgiveness

धृतिःsteadfastness, fortitude

अहिंसाnon-violence

चand

समताequanimity, equality

सत्यम्truth

आर्जवम्straightforwardness, sincerity

अक्रोधःabsence of anger

अनसूयाnon-envy, not fault-finding

चand

शौचम्purity, cleanliness

दाक्ष्यम्skill, dexterity

पराक्रमःvalor, prowess

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vāyu-deva

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse lists the hallmark virtues that arise from sattva—clarity and harmony of mind—such as forgiveness, steadiness, non-violence, truth, straightforwardness, freedom from anger, non-carping, purity, competence, and valor.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu-deva is instructing by defining ethical qualities, specifically identifying which traits are to be recognized as the ‘functions’ or manifestations of the sattva-guṇa.