Shloka 19
Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas
Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue
प्रधानगुणतत्त्वज्ञ: सर्वभूतविधानवित् | निर्ममो निरहड्कारो मुच्यते नात्र संशय:
pradhāna-guṇa-tattva-jñaḥ sarva-bhūta-vidhāna-vit | nirmamo nirahaṅkāro mucyate nātra saṁśayaḥ ||
Vāyu dit : «Celui qui connaît véritablement les principes de Pradhāna (la nature primordiale) et des guṇa tels que sattva, qui comprend l’ordonnance et la régence de tous les êtres, et qui s’est affranchi de l’attachement possessif et de l’ego (ahaṅkāra)—celui-là est délivré. Il n’y a là aucun doute.»
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
Liberation arises from discriminative knowledge of Pradhāna and the guṇas, together with insight into how beings are constituted and governed, and is completed by inner renunciation—freedom from possessiveness (mamatā) and egoism (ahaṅkāra).
Vāyudeva is delivering an instructive discourse, presenting a concise criterion for mokṣa: metaphysical understanding (Sāṅkhya-style tattva-jñāna) joined to ethical-psychological purification (non-attachment and egolessness).