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Shloka 25

Brāhmaṇa-vandana: Criteria for Veneration, Disciplined Speech, and Protective Kingship (अनुशासनपर्व, अध्याय ८)

(दूरतो मातृवत्‌ पूज्या विप्रदारा: सुरक्षया ।) सरल

dūrato mātṛvat pūjyā vipradārāḥ surakṣayā | tejasas tapasaś caiva nityaṃ bibhyed yudhiṣṭhira | ubhe caite parityājye tejaś caiva tapas tathā ||

Bhīṣma dit : « Ô Yudhiṣṭhira, les épouses des Brāhmanes doivent être honorées à distance respectueuse, comme on honore une mère, tout en veillant à leur protection. Il faut toujours demeurer saisi de respect devant la radiance spirituelle et la puissance d’ascèse d’un Brāhmane ; et, en leur présence, renoncer à toute fierté de sa propre splendeur ou de sa propre austérité. La révérence, la retenue et l’humilité devant une telle force sacrée sont elles-mêmes des formes de dharma. »

dūrataḥfrom afar
dūrataḥ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdūrataḥ
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from a distance')
mātṛvatlike a mother
mātṛvat:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmātṛvat
FormAvyaya (vat-pratyaya: 'like/as')
pūjyāḥare to be honored
pūjyāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpūjya
FormFeminine, nominative, plural (gerundive: 'to be honored')
vipra-dārāḥwives of Brahmins
vipra-dārāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvipra-dārā
FormFeminine, nominative, plural
su-rakṣayāwith good protection / with due safeguarding
su-rakṣayā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootsu-rakṣā
FormFeminine, instrumental, singular
tejasaḥof (their) spiritual power/energy
tejasaḥ:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Roottejas
FormNeuter, genitive, singular
tapasaḥof (their) austerity
tapasaḥ:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Roottapas
FormNeuter, genitive, singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
FormAvyaya
evaindeed / just
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
FormAvyaya
nityamalways
nityam:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya
FormAvyaya (accusative used adverbially)
bibhiyetshould fear
bibhiyet:
TypeVerb
Rootbhī
FormOptative (vidhi-liṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
yudhiṣṭhiraO Yudhiṣṭhira
yudhiṣṭhira:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootyudhiṣṭhira
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
ubheboth
ubhe:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootubha
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, dual
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
FormAvyaya
etethese (two)
ete:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootetad
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, dual
parityājyāshould be given up
parityājyā:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootparityājya
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, dual (gerundive: 'to be abandoned')
tejaḥpower/energy (one’s own)
tejaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Roottejas
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
evaindeed
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
FormAvyaya
tapaḥausterity (one’s own)
tapaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Roottapas
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular
tathālikewise / so too
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
FormAvyaya

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Brāhmaṇas (viprāḥ)
B
Brāhmaṇa-wives (vipradārāḥ)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that sacred authority grounded in learning and austerity must be approached with humility and restraint. One should honor Brāhmaṇas and especially safeguard and respectfully revere their wives, while abandoning any ego about one’s own power or ascetic achievements.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on conduct (dharma). Here he emphasizes social and ethical discipline: reverence toward Brāhmaṇas, protective respect toward their wives, and an attitude of awe toward the spiritual potency (tejas, tapas) associated with ascetic life.