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Shloka 13

अन्नदान-प्रशंसा (Praise of the Gift of Food) | Annadāna-Praśaṃsā

आशिषं ये न देवेषु न च मर्त्येषु कुर्वते । अर्लन्तो नित्यसंतुष्टास्तथा लब्धोपजीविन:

āśiṣaṃ ye na deveṣu na ca martyeṣu kurvate | alpa-icchantō nitya-santuṣṭās tathā labdhopajīvinaḥ |

Bhīṣma dit : «Ô Yudhiṣṭhira, fais rechercher—par tes messagers—ces vénérables, les meilleurs parmi les deux-fois-nés, qui ne forment de vœux ni envers les dieux ni envers les hommes, désirent peu, demeurent toujours satisfaits et vivent de ce qui leur échoit. Ô Bhārata, lorsque de tels hommes sont accablés, ils peuvent devenir redoutables comme des serpents venimeux ; protège-toi donc en les honorant. Ô rejeton des Kurus, invite-les dans une demeure agréable, pourvue de serviteurs et du nécessaire, et rends-leur chaque jour une hospitalité entière, car leur contentement est source de prospérité et d’accomplissement des buts.»

आशिषम्wish, desire (a blessing sought)
आशिषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआशिष्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मर्त्येषुamong mortals
मर्त्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कुर्वतेdo, make (i.e., entertain/perform)
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
devas (gods)
M
martyas (mortals/humans)
D
dvijas (twice-born Brahmins)
M
messengers (dūtas, implied by gloss)
V
venomous serpent (viṣadhara sarpa, metaphor in gloss)
H
household/home (gṛha, implied by gloss)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should actively seek out and honor truly renunciant, content Brahmins who ask nothing of gods or men and live on what comes. Their goodwill safeguards the king; neglecting or offending them can invite grave harm, so daily, complete hospitality is presented as a practical expression of dharma and self-protection.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on royal conduct and dharma. Here he urges the king to locate such ascetic, low-desire Brahmins via messengers, invite them into a well-provisioned home, and honor them continually—warning that if they are made unhappy they may become dangerously wrathful, like venomous serpents.