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Shloka 39

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

गृहीतपाणिरेका5<सीत्‌ _प्राप्तशुल्का पराभवत्‌ | कन्या गृहीता तत्रैव विसर्ज्या इति मे पिता

gṛhītapāṇir ekā āsīt prāptaśulkā parābhavat | kanyā gṛhītā tatraiva visarjyā iti me pitā |

Bhīṣma dit : «L’une des jeunes filles avait déjà donné sa main : dans son cœur, elle avait accepté Śalva pour époux. Quant à l’autre (ou aux autres), le roi de Kāśī avait déjà reçu le prix nuptial. Aussi l’aîné de notre lignée déclara-t-il sur-le-champ : “Que la jeune fille dont la main a déjà été prise soit relâchée ici même, à l’instant ; et que l’autre (ou les autres), pour qui seul le prix a été reçu, soit donnée en mariage.” Pourtant, j’éprouvai du doute devant cette parole, et je consultai aussi d’autres personnes sur la conduite juste.»

गृहीतपाणिःhaving (already) taken the hand; handfast (married/engaged)
गृहीतपाणिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगृहीतपाणि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एकाone (girl)
एका:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्राप्तशुल्काfor whom the bride-price had been received
प्राप्तशुल्का:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्तशुल्क
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पराभवत्was set aside/was rejected; was defeated (contextually: became invalid)
पराभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपराभू
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
Ambā
Ś
Śālva (Śālvarāja)
K
Kāśirāja (King of Kāśī)
B
Bāhlīka (Kuru elder, as per the given context)
K
Kāśī

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma as a careful weighing of competing marital claims: a prior personal commitment (pāṇigrahaṇa/accepted husband) can override later force or arrangement, while a mere financial transaction (śulka received) creates a different kind of obligation. Bhishma also models ethical caution by seeking clarification when unsure.

After the Kāśī princesses are brought to the Kuru side, it is disclosed that Ambā has already mentally/ritually accepted Śālva. The family elder rules that she should be released, while the others—whose marriage arrangements are tied to the received śulka—should proceed to marriage. Bhishma admits doubt and consults others about the correct dharma.