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Shloka 55

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

स तया छन्‍्द्यमानो<न्यैरीप्सितैर्नूपकन्यया । नान्यमात्मप्रदानात्‌ स तस्या वत्रे वरं द्विज:

sa tayā chandyamāno 'nyair īpsitair nūpakanyayā | nānyam ātmapradānāt sa tasyā vavre varaṃ dvijaḥ ||

Bhīṣma dit : Bien que la jeune fille pressât maintes fois l’hôte de demander quelque autre faveur désirée, le brahmane ne lui demanda rien d’autre que le don de sa propre personne.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तयाby her
तया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
छन्द्यमानःbeing entreated/solicited
छन्द्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछन्द्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle)
अन्यैःby others
अन्यैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
ईप्सितैःdesired, wished-for
ईप्सितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
नूपकन्ययाby the (ornamented) maiden / princess
नूपकन्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनूपकन्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यम्another (thing)
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
आत्मप्रदानात्than self-giving (offering of oneself)
आत्मप्रदानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मप्रदान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
वव्रेchose/asked (as a boon)
वव्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वरणे)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वरम्a boon
वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्विजःthe Brahmin
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (speaker)
D
Dvija (a Brahmana)
R
Rajakanya / Nupakanya (princess/maiden)
A
Atithi (guest, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds a moral boundary-question: hospitality and boon-giving are dharmic duties, yet a request that demands a person’s very self raises ethical concerns about propriety, restraint, and the limits of what may be asked or offered.

A princess repeatedly invites the visiting brāhmaṇa to request some other boon, but he refuses all alternatives and asks only for her ‘self-gift’—her own person—making the encounter a test of dharma, desire, and social-ethical limits.