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Shloka 20

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

(अस्माच्छमशानमेध्यं तु नास्ति किंचिदनिन्दिते । निस्सम्पातान्मनुष्याणां तस्माच्छुचितमं स्मृतम्‌ ।।

nārada uvāca |

asmāc chmaśānam edhyaṃ tu nāsti kiñcid anindite |

niḥsampātān manuṣyāṇāṃ tasmāc chucitamaṃ smṛtam ||

sthānaṃ me tatra vihitaṃ vīrasthānam iti priye |

kapālaśatasampūrṇam amabhirūpaṃ bhayānakam ||

madhyāhne sandhyayor vāpi nakṣatre rudradaivate |

āyuṣkāmair aśuddhair vā na gantavyam iti sthitiḥ ||

madanyena na śakyaṃ hi nihantuṃ bhūtajaṃ bhayam |

tatrastho 'haṃ prajāḥ sarvāḥ pālayāmi dine dine ||

manniyogād bhūtasaṅghā na ca ghnantīha kañcana |

tāṃs tu lokahitārthāya śmaśāne ramayāmy aham ||

etat te sarvam ākhyātaṃ kiṃ bhūyaḥ śrotum icchasi ||

Nārada dit : « Ô irréprochable, il n’est pas de lieu plus pur que le champ de crémation. Parce que les hommes ne le fréquentent guère, on s’en souvient comme du plus pur. Bien-aimée, j’y ai fixé ma demeure, car on l’appelle le “terrain des héros”. Bien que ce soit un lieu redoutable, rempli de centaines de crânes, il me paraît beau. Il est établi que ceux qui désirent une longue vie, ou ceux qui sont rituellement impurs, ne doivent pas s’y rendre à midi, à l’un ou l’autre crépuscule, ni lorsque prévaut la constellation Ārdrā—placée sous Rudra. Nul autre que moi ne peut détruire la peur née des esprits. C’est pourquoi, demeurant au champ de crémation, je protège tous les êtres jour après jour. Par mon ordre, les cohortes d’esprits ne tuent personne en ce monde. Pour le bien du monde, je les maintiens satisfaits et contenus dans le champ de crémation. Je t’ai tout dit — que veux-tu entendre encore ? »

अस्मात्from this
अस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Ablative, Singular
श्मशानम्cremation-ground
श्मशानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्मशान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एध्यम्more pure / purer
एध्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएध्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
किञ्चित्anything
किञ्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिञ्चित्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनिन्दितेO blameless one
अनिन्दिते:
TypeNoun
Rootअनिन्दिता
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
निःसम्पातात्because of (the) lack of frequent coming-and-going
निःसम्पातात्:
Hetu
TypeNoun
Rootनिःसम्पात
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
मनुष्याणाम्of people
मनुष्याणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
शुचितमम्most pure
शुचितमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचि
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Superlative
स्मृतम्is considered/remembered
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (PPP)

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
U
Umā (Pārvatī) (implied by vocatives anindite, priye)
R
Rudra
Ś
Śmaśāna (cremation-ground)
B
Bhūtas (spirits/ghost-hosts)
Ā
Ārdrā (nakṣatra)
K
Kapālas (skulls)

Educational Q&A

The passage reframes the cremation-ground as a paradoxically supreme purifier: because it is shunned and free from worldly traffic, it becomes a locus of austerity and truth. It also presents a protective ethic—spirit-forces are not denied, but regulated by divine command so that the world remains safe and ordered.

Nārada reports a discourse in which the deity explains why he abides in the cremation-ground, why it is called a ‘heroes’ place, and what restrictions apply to visiting it (midday, twilights, and during Ārdrā). He asserts that only he can neutralize spirit-born fear and that, by his ordinance, the hosts of spirits are kept from harming people and are confined there for the world’s welfare.