Shloka 2

Adhyāya 138: Vāyu’s Exempla on Brāhmaṇa-Prabhāva and a Cosmological Clarification

Devanagari script

येषां धर्मश्िता बुद्धि: श्रद्दधानाश्च ये नराः । तेषां स्यादुपरदेष्टव्य: सरहस्यो महाफल:

Transliteration

yeṣāṃ dharma-sthitā buddhiḥ śraddadhānāś ca ye narāḥ | teṣāṃ syād upadeṣṭavyaḥ sa-rahasyo mahā-phalaḥ ||

Translation

Maheshvara dit : «Aux hommes dont l’intelligence demeure solidement ancrée dans le dharma et qui sont dotés d’une foi profonde—à eux seuls doit être transmise cette instruction du dharma, car elle porte un grand fruit et renferme un sens intérieur sacré.»

Word by Word

• येषाम्: of whom/whose
• येषाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• धर्म-स्थिता: fixed/established in dharma
• धर्म-स्थिता: विशेषण (बुद्धेः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थित (कृदन्त, √स्था)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• बुद्धिः: intellect, understanding
• बुद्धिः: अधिकरण (येषाम् इत्यस्य सम्बन्धेन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• श्रद्दधानाः: faithful, full of faith
• श्रद्दधानाः: विशेषण (नराः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रद्दधान (कृदन्त, √धा; वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ये: who
• ये: कर्ता (नराः इत्यस्य सहसम्बन्धी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नराः: men, persons
• नराः: कर्ता (स्यात् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तेषाम्: for them/of them
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• स्यात्: should be/ought to be
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू/अस्)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथम, एकवचन

• उपदेष्टव्यः: to be instructed/taught
• उपदेष्टव्यः: कर्म (उपदेशस्य—‘to be taught’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-√दिश् (कृदन्त: तव्यत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स-रहस्यः: with (its) secret, containing a mystery
• स-रहस्यः: विशेषण (उपदेष्टव्यः/धर्मः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्ययार्थ) + रहस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महाफलः: great-fruited, yielding great result
• महाफलः: विशेषण (उपदेष्टव्यः/धर्मः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

महेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Maheshvara (Śiva)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Instruction in a profound, result-bearing dharma should be given only to those who are steady in righteous understanding and possess sincere faith; receptivity and moral grounding are presented as prerequisites for receiving confidential spiritual teaching.

What is happening in the narrative?

Maheshvara is speaking and sets a criterion for transmission: the teaching he is about to convey (or has conveyed) is described as both secret in purport and greatly fruitful, and therefore should be entrusted only to qualified, faithful listeners.