Shloka 45
Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption
येन येन तु भावेन कर्मणा पुरुषो गतिम् । प्रयाति परुषां घोरां तत्ते वक्ष्याम्यत: परम्,मनुष्य जिस-जिस भाव और जिस-जिस कर्मसे निष्ठुरतापूर्ण भयंकर गतिको प्राप्त होता है, अब उसीको बता रहा हूँ
yena yena tu bhāvena karmaṇā puruṣo gatim | prayāti paruṣāṃ ghorāṃ tat te vakṣyāmy ataḥ param ||
«Par telle ou telle disposition intérieure, par tels ou tels actes, l’homme en vient à un sort dur et effroyable—c’est cela que je vais t’exposer désormais.»
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A person’s ultimate destiny (gati) is shaped jointly by inner disposition (bhāva) and outward action (karma). The verse frames an ethical principle: cruel or distorted attitudes, when expressed through deeds, lead to severe and fearful outcomes.
Yudhiṣṭhira signals a transition to further instruction: he is about to explain the specific mental states and actions by which a human being reaches a harsh, dreadful fate. The line functions as a lead-in to a subsequent enumeration or teaching.