Shloka 68
उपदेशदोषप्रसङ्गः (Upadeśa-doṣa-prasaṅgaḥ) — The Risk of Misapplied Counsel
(वर्जयेदुपदेशं च सदैव ब्राह्मणो नूप । उपदेशं हि कुर्वाणो द्विज: कृच्छुमवाप्तुयात् । नरेश्वर! ब्राह्मणको चाहिये कि वह कभी शूद्रको उपदेश न दे; क्योंकि उपदेश करनेवाला ब्राह्मण स्वयं ही संकटमें पड़ जाता है ।।
bhīṣma uvāca | varjayed upadeśaṃ ca sadaiva brāhmaṇo nṛpa | upadeśaṃ hi kurvāṇo dvijaḥ kṛcchram avāpnuyāt || nareśvara! brāhmaṇako cāhiye ki vaha kabhī śūdrako upadeśa na de; kyoṅki upadeśa karanevālā brāhmaṇa svayaṃ hī saṅkaṭameṃ paṛa jātā hai || neṣitavyaṃ sadā vācā dvijena nṛpasattama | na ca pravaktavyam iha kiṃcid varṇāvare jane || nṛpaśreṣṭha! brāhmaṇako apanī vāṇīdvarā kabhī upadeśa denekī icchā hī nahīṃ karanī cāhiye | yadi kare bhī to nīca varṇake puruṣako to kadāpi kuch upadeśa na de || brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyās trayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ | eteṣu kathayan rājan brāhmaṇo na praduṣpati ||
Bhīṣma dit : «Ô roi, un brāhmaṇa doit toujours s’abstenir de donner des enseignements ; car un “deux-fois-né” qui entreprend d’instruire peut tomber dans l’épreuve. Ô seigneur des hommes, un brāhmaṇa ne doit pas instruire un śūdra, car le brāhmaṇa qui le fait s’expose lui-même au danger. Ô meilleur des rois, un deux-fois-né ne devrait même pas former l’intention de guider autrui par la parole ; et, en ce monde, il ne doit rien enseigner à un homme de varṇa inférieur. Ô souverain éminent, brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas et vaiśyas—ces trois varṇas sont dits “deux-fois-nés” ; le brāhmaṇa qui enseigne parmi eux n’encourt aucune faute.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma frames a rule of restraint in speech and instruction: a Brahmin should avoid giving doctrinal instruction—especially to those deemed of lower varna—and is said to incur danger or hardship by doing so; teaching within the three ‘twice-born’ varnas is presented as faultless.
In the Anushasana Parva’s dharma-discourse, Bhishma continues advising the king (Yudhishthira) on social and ethical regulations, here focusing on who should be instructed and the perceived risks and impropriety of crossing prescribed varna boundaries in teaching.