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Shloka 21

Takṣaka’s agency, Parīkṣit’s rites, and Janamejaya’s enthronement (वैयासिक परम्परा-प्रसङ्गः)

तस्य स्कन्धे मृतं सर्प क्रुद्धो राजा समासजत्‌ । समुत्क्षिप्प धनुष्कोट्या स चैनं समुपैक्षत,तब राजाने कुपित हो धनुषकी नोकसे एक मरे हुए साँपको उठाकर उनके कंधेपर रख दिया, तो भी मुनिने उनकी उपेक्षा कर दी

tasya skandhe mṛtaṃ sarpaṃ kruddho rājā samāsajat | samutkṣipya dhanuṣkoṭyā sa cainaṃ samupaikṣata ||

Voyant le sage demeurer indifférent, le roi, saisi de colère, souleva du bout de son arc un serpent mort et le posa sur l’épaule de l’ascète. Même alors, le saint homme ne lui accorda aucune attention, gardant une sérénité détachée. L’épisode montre comment la colère d’un souverain et l’orgueil blessé, s’ils ne sont pas maîtrisés, peuvent conduire à l’irrespect envers un homme saint et maître de lui ; tandis que le silence du rishi souligne l’idéal de patience et de stabilité intérieure.

तस्यof him (of that sage)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
स्कन्धेon (his) shoulder
स्कन्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्कन्ध
Formmasculine, locative, singular
मृतम्dead
मृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत
Formneuter, accusative, singular
सर्पम्a snake
सर्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
समासजत्placed/attached (upon)
समासजत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + असज्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
समुत्क्षिप्यhaving lifted up
समुत्क्षिप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + उत् + क्षिप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
धनुष्कोट्याwith the tip/end of (his) bow
धनुष्कोट्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुष्कोटि
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him (that sage)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
समुपैक्षतignored/overlooked
समुपैक्षत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + उप + ईक्ष्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

शौनक उवाच

शौनक (Śaunaka)
राजा (the king)
मृत सर्प (dead snake)
धनुष् (bow)
स्कन्ध (shoulder)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts two dispositions: the king’s anger-driven impulsiveness and the sage’s disciplined indifference. Ethically, it warns that pride and irritation can push even a ruler into adharma—disrespecting a holy person—while true tapas is shown through restraint and non-reactivity.

A king, frustrated that the sage does not respond to him, uses the tip of his bow to lift a dead snake and places it on the sage’s shoulder as an insult. The sage remains unmoved and ignores the act, setting the stage for the later consequences connected with this offense.