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Shloka 32

समन्तपञ्चक-आख्यानम् तथा अक्षौहिणी-प्रमाणनिर्णयः

Samantapañcaka Narrative and the Measure of an Akṣauhiṇī

तस्यैव दिवसस्यान्ते द्रौणिहार्दिक्यगौतमा: । प्रसुप्तं निशि विश्वस्तं जघ्नुर्याधिष्ठिरे बलम्‌,अठारहवाँ दिन बीत जानेपर रात्रिके समय अभश्व॒त्थामा, कृतवर्मा और कृपाचार्यने नि:शंक सोते हुए युधिष्ठिरके सैनिकोंको मार डाला

tasyaiva divasas yānte drauṇihārdikyagautamāḥ | prasuptaṃ niśi viśvastaṃ jaghnur yādhiṣṭhire balam ||

À la fin de ce même jour, Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā), Hārdikya (Kṛtavarmā) et Gautama (Kṛpa) massacrèrent, dans la nuit, les troupes du parti de Yudhiṣṭhira—des hommes endormis, confiants et sans soupçon. L’épisode met en lumière l’effondrement moral qui peut suivre une guerre prolongée : la victoire recherchée par la peur et la vengeance devient une transgression de la retenue kṣatriya, lorsque l’on frappe l’impuissant au lieu de l’affronter à découvert.

तस्यof that
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
दिवसस्यof the day
दिवसस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिवस
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्रौणिDrauni (Aśvatthāman)
द्रौणि:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हार्दिक्यHārdikya (Kṛtavarman)
हार्दिक्य:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootहार्दिक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गौतमा:Gautamas (Kṛpa and/or those of Gautama lineage)
गौतमा::
Karta
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootगौतमा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रसुप्तम्sleeping
प्रसुप्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसुप्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निशिat night
निशि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
विश्वस्तम्unsuspecting/trusting
विश्वस्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वस्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जघ्नु:they slew/killed
जघ्नु::
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
यत्which/that (relative)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अधिष्ठिरेthey occupied/they were stationed (over)
अधिष्ठिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-स्था
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

राम उवाच

A
Aśvatthāmā (Drauṇi)
K
Kṛtavarmā (Hārdikya)
K
Kṛpācārya (Gautama/Kṛpa)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍava army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war can erode dharma: when anger and desperation dominate, even warriors may violate accepted norms by attacking the defenseless. It invites reflection on responsibility, restraint, and the ethical cost of victory pursued without limits.

After the day’s end, Aśvatthāmā, Kṛtavarmā, and Kṛpa carry out a nocturnal slaughter, killing Yudhiṣṭhira’s sleeping and unsuspecting troops—an act remembered as a grievous, morally fraught episode.