Shloka 4

Droṇa’s Ācārya-Dakṣiṇā: Capture of Drupada and Division of Pāñcāla (द्रोण-आचार्यदक्षिणा)

Devanagari script

सततं स्मानुशोचन्तस्तमेव भरतर्षभम्‌ | पौरजानपदा: सर्वे मृतं स्‍्वमिव बान्धवम्‌,नगर और जनपदके सभी लोग मानो कोई अपना ही भाई-बन्धु मर गया हो, इस प्रकार उन भरतकुलतिलक पाण्डुके लिये निरन्तर शोकमग्न हो गये

Transliteration

satataṁ smānuśocantas tam eva bharatarṣabham | paurajānapadāḥ sarve mṛtaṁ svam iva bāndhavam ||

Translation

Tous les citadins et les gens des campagnes, sans cesse en deuil, pleurèrent Pāṇḍu — ce taureau parmi les Bhārata — comme si l’un des leurs, un proche parent, venait de mourir.

Word by Word

• सततम्: constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत

• स्म: indeed/just (particle, often with past sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म

• अनुशोचन्तः: grieving/lamenṭing
• अनुशोचन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-शुच्
• Form: present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एव: only/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• भरतर्षभम्: the bull among the Bharatas (best of Bharatas)
• भरतर्षभम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पौरजानपदाः: townsmen and countryfolk
• पौरजानपदाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर-जानपद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मृतम्: dead
• मृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृत
• Form: past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• स्वम्: one's own
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• बान्धवम्: kinsman/relative
• बान्धवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बान्धव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pāṇḍu
• Bharata lineage (Bharatas)
• Pauras (townspeople)
• Jānapadas (countryfolk/subjects)