Shloka 3

Vratas, Nakṣatra Observances, Naivedya Rules, and Tithi-wise Devatā Worship

Devanagari script

(इति शिवचतुर्दश्यष्टमीव्रतम्) / त्रिरात्रोपोषितो दद्यात्कार्तिक्यां भवनं शुभम् / सूर्यलोकमवाप्नोति धामव्रतमिदं शुभम्

Transliteration

(iti śivacaturdaśyaṣṭamīvratam) / trirātropoṣito dadyātkārtikyāṃ bhavanaṃ śubham / sūryalokamavāpnoti dhāmavratamidaṃ śubham

Translation

Ainsi s’achève le vœu de Śiva Caturdaśī–Aṣṭamī. Après avoir jeûné trois nuits, on doit, au mois de Kārtika, faire don d’une demeure de bon augure. Par ce saint « Dhāma-vrata », vœu d’offrir une habitation, on parvient à Sūrya-loka, le monde du Soleil.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Quotation marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-शब्दः (quotative particle, ‘thus’)

• शिवचतुर्दश्यष्टमीव्रतम्: the vow of Śiva on the 14th and 8th lunar days
• शिवचतुर्दश्यष्टमीव्रतम्: Karma/Visheya (Object/Topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव + चतुर्दशी + अष्टमी + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.); समासः—द्वन्द्वः (चतुर्दशी-अष्टमी) तत्पुरुष-सम्बन्धेन ‘शिवस्य’

• त्रिरात्रोपोषितः: (one who is) fasted for three nights
• त्रिरात्रोपोषितः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि + रात्रि + उपोषित (उप + वस्/उष्?; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन (Nom. sg.); भूतकृदन्त (past participle) ‘उपोषित’ = उपवासं कृतवान्; समासः—त्रिरात्र-उपोषित (for three nights fasted)

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन (3rd sg.)

• कार्तिक्याम्: in (the month of) Kārtika
• कार्तिक्याम्: Adhikarana (Location/Time—अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कार्तिकी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (Loc. sg.)

• भवनम्: a house, dwelling
• भवनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.)

• शुभम्: auspicious
• शुभम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.); विशेषणम् (qualifies ‘भवनम्’)

• सूर्यलोकम्: the world of the Sun
• सूर्यलोकम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य + लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc. sg.); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सूर्यस्य लोकः)

• अवाप्नोति: attains
• अवाप्नोति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + आप् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन (3rd sg.)

• धामव्रतम्: this ‘Dhāma’ vow
• धामव्रतम्: Visheshya (Predicate/Topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन्/धाम + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.); तत्पुरुषः (धाम्नः/धाम-सम्बन्धि व्रतम्)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Visheshana (Demonstrative/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.); सर्वनाम

• शुभम्: auspicious
• शुभम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (Nom./Acc. sg.); विशेषणम् (qualifies ‘धामव्रतम्/इदम्’)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vainateya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vrata + dāna as karma-sādhana producing specific loka-phala (Sūrya-loka).

Vedantic Theme: Karma-kāṇḍa phala-bhoga; merit as cause for higher-gati within saṃsāra.

Application: Undertake regulated fasting, then perform tangible charity (housing/shelter) during Kārtika with sankalpa and purity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual_calendar

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.137 (vrata-kathana sequence: weekday/nakṣatra observances and offerings)

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Surya
• Kartika (month)

FAQs

What is the importance of Dhāma-vrata in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that the Dhāma-vrata—fasting for three nights and donating a dwelling in Kārtika—is an auspicious observance that grants the merit leading to Sūrya-loka.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Rather than describing post-death punishments here, the verse presents a merit-based trajectory: disciplined fasting and substantial charity generate punya that elevates one to a higher loka, specifically Sūrya-loka.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe self-restraint (fasting/discipline) and pair it with meaningful giving—supporting housing, shelter, or accommodation for the needy—especially during sacred times like Kārtika.