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Shloka 12

Nārāyaṇa’s Impartiality, Absorption in Kṛṣṇa, and the Jaya–Vijaya Descent

Prelude to Prahlāda’s History

य एष राजन्नपि काल ईशिता सत्त्वं सुरानीकमिवैधयत्यत: । तत्प्रत्यनीकानसुरान् सुरप्रियो रजस्तमस्कान् प्रमिणोत्युरुश्रवा: ॥ १२ ॥

ya eṣa rājann api kāla īśitā sattvaṁ surānīkam ivaidhayaty ataḥ tat-pratyanīkān asurān sura-priyo rajas-tamaskān pramiṇoty uruśravāḥ

Ô roi, le facteur temps accroît le sattva-guṇa; ainsi il semble que le Seigneur favorise les devas, pour la plupart établis dans sattva. Alors les démons, dominés par tamas, sont détruits. Pourtant le Seigneur n’est pas partial; Ses actes sont glorieux, d’où Son nom Uruśravā.

yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यत्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
eṣaḥthis (he)
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle (समुच्चय/अपि)
kālaḥtime
kālaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
īśitācontroller/ruler
īśitā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Root√īś (ईश् धातु)
FormAgent noun/participle (कृत्: तृच्/तृन् भाव: īśitṛ/īśitā), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); ‘controller’
sattvamsattva (goodness)
sattvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsattva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
surānīkamarmy of the gods
surānīkam:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootsura (प्रातिपदिक) + anīka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: surāṇām anīkam), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-avyaya (उपमाव्यय)
edhayatiincreases/nourishes
edhayati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√edh (एध् धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Causative/strengthening sense ‘makes grow’
ataḥtherefore/from that
ataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, causal/consecutive adverb
tat-pratyanīkānthose opposed to them/that side
tat-pratyanīkān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roottat (प्रातिपदिक) + prati-anīka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: tasya pratyanīkāḥ ‘opposed to that’), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying asurān
asurāndemons/asuras
asurān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)
sura-priyaḥdear to the gods
sura-priyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsura (प्रातिपदिक) + priya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: surāṇāṁ priyaḥ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); epithet of uruśravāḥ
rajas-tamaskānrajas-and-tamas-natured
rajas-tamaskān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootrajas (प्रातिपदिक) + tamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व: rajas + tamas), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying asurān
pramiṇotidestroys/overcomes
pramiṇoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√mā (मा धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); with prefix pra-; meaning ‘destroys/overcomes’
uruśravāḥthe greatly renowned one
uruśravāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rooturu (प्रातिपदिक) + śravas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि: ‘one whose fame is great’), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

The Lord says in Bhagavad-gītā (9.29) , samo ’haṁ sarva-bhūteṣu na me dveṣyo ’sti na priyaḥ: “I envy no one, nor am I partial to anyone. I am equal to all.” The Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot be partial; He is always equal to everyone. Therefore when the demigods are favored and the demons killed, this is not His partiality but the influence of the time factor. A good example in this regard is that an electrician connects both a heater and a cooler to the same electrical energy. The cause of the heating and cooling is the electrician’s manipulation of the electrical energy according to his desire, but factually the electrician has nothing to do with causing heat or cold, nor with the enjoyment or suffering that results.

P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja
D
Devas (Suras)
A
Asuras

FAQs

This verse states that the Supreme Lord is the controller even as Time itself, directing creation and destruction while maintaining cosmic order.

Because the devas are aligned with sattva (goodness) and dharma, the Lord nourishes that goodness and removes opposing forces driven by rajas and tamas.

Cultivate sattva—truthfulness, self-control, and devotion—so that destructive rajas-tamas tendencies (anger, greed, confusion) are reduced and one lives in harmony with dharma.