Shloka 39

Śrī Rāmacandra-avatāra — Vow, Exile, Laṅkā-vijaya, and Rāma-rājya

Concise Bhāgavata Account

Devanagari script

पादुके न्यस्य पुरत: प्राञ्जलिर्बाष्पलोचन: । तमाश्लिष्य चिरं दोर्भ्यां स्‍नापयन् नेत्रजैर्जलै: ॥ ३९ ॥ रामो लक्ष्मणसीताभ्यां विप्रेभ्यो येऽर्हसत्तमा: । तेभ्य: स्वयं नमश्चक्रे प्रजाभिश्च नमस्कृत: ॥ ४० ॥

Transliteration

pāduke nyasya purataḥ prāñjalir bāṣpa-locanaḥ tam āśliṣya ciraṁ dorbhyāṁ snāpayan netrajair jalaiḥ

Translation

Après avoir déposé les sandales devant le Seigneur Rāmacandra, Bharata se tint les mains jointes, les yeux pleins de larmes; et Rāma l’embrassa longuement de ses deux bras, le baignant de ses propres pleurs. Puis, accompagné de Sītā et de Lakṣmaṇa, Rāma rendit hommage aux brāhmaṇas savants et aux aînés de la famille, et tous les citoyens d’Ayodhyā offrirent leurs respects au Seigneur.

Synonyms

• पादुके: the pair of sandals
• पादुके: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पादुका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• न्यस्य: having placed
• न्यस्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि-√अस्/√न्यस् (धातु) → न्यस्य (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त अव्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund), ‘having placed’

• पुरतः: in front
• पुरतः: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरतः (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place: in front)

• प्राञ्जलिः: with folded hands
• प्राञ्जलिः: Karta (कर्ता; as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र+अञ्जलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); ‘अञ्जलिं प्रगृह्य’ = with folded hands

• बाष्पलोचनः: with tearful eyes
• बाष्पलोचनः: Karta (कर्ता; as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाष्प+लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); बहुव्रीहिः: बाष्पेण (अश्रुभिः) लोचने यस्य सः (tear-eyed)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• आश्लिष्य: having embraced
• आश्लिष्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ-√श्लिष् (धातु) → आश्लिष्य (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त अव्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund), ‘having embraced’

• चिरम्: for a long time
• चिरम्: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time: for a long time)

• दोर्भ्याम्: with (his) two arms
• दोर्भ्याम्: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोर्/दोर्- (प्रातिपदिक; बाहु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• स्नापयन्: bathing/wetting (him)
• स्नापयन्: Karta (कर्ता; participial predicate of subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्ना (धातु) → स्नापयत् (कृदन्त/शतृ; णिच् causative)
• Form: णिच्-प्रत्ययान्त (Causative) धातु; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मुख्यक्रियासूचकः (while bathing/wetting)

• नेत्रजैः: born from the eyes (tears)
• नेत्रजैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नेत्र+ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); समासः: नेत्रेभ्यः जातानि (born from the eyes)

• जलैः: with water
• जलैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Śrī Rāma

FAQs

What is the significance of Bharata placing Lord Rama’s sandals in front of him?

It shows Bharata’s humility and devotion—he honors Rāma as the rightful lord and accepts the sandals as sacred representatives of Rāma’s authority and presence.

Why did Bharata embrace Lord Rama and cry in this verse?

Overcome by love and remorse over the exile caused by palace politics, Bharata expresses deep devotion and longing for Rāma through tears and a prolonged embrace.

How can devotees apply the mood of Bharata’s devotion in modern life?

By practicing humility, honoring God’s representatives, and cultivating sincere remorse and love—expressed through prayerful surrender rather than pride or entitlement.