Shloka 44

The Killing of Cāṇūra, Muṣṭika, and Kaṁsa; Liberation and Restoration of Dharma in Mathurā

Devanagari script

शयानान्वीरशयायां पतीनालिङ्‌‌ग्य शोचती: । विलेपु: सुस्वरं नार्यो विसृजन्त्यो मुहु: शुच: ॥ ४४ ॥

Transliteration

śayānān vīra-śayāyāṁ patīn āliṅgya śocatīḥ vilepuḥ su-svaraṁ nāryo visṛjantyo muhuḥ śucaḥ

Translation

Embrassant leurs maris, qui gisaient sur le lit final du héros, les femmes affligées se lamentaient bruyamment tout en versant des larmes constantes.

Synonyms

• śayānān: lying (ones)
• śayānān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śayāna (कृदन्त; √śī/शीङ् ‘to lie down’)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; Present active participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त, परस्मैपदी) used adjectivally

• vīra-śayāyām: on the heroes’ bed
• vīra-śayāyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक) + śayā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; तत्पुरुषः (vīrāṇāṁ śayā = ‘bed of heroes’)

• patīn: husbands
• patīn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• āliṅgya: having embraced
• āliṅgya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√liṅg (धातु; ‘to embrace’)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having embraced’

• śocatīḥ: grieving (women)
• śocatīḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śocatī (कृदन्त; √śuc/शुच् ‘to grieve’)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; Present active participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त) used substantively

• vilepuḥ: they lamented/wailed
• vilepuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√lip (धातु; ‘to smear/weep’ in context ‘to lament’)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; Parasmaipada

• su-svaram: loudly, in a sweet/loud tone
• su-svaram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + svara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; adverbial accusative sense ‘with good voice/very loudly’

• nāryaḥ: women
• nāryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• visṛjantyaḥ: uttering, letting out
• visṛjantyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√sṛj (धातु; ‘to release/utter’)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; Present active participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त) agreeing with nāryaḥ

• muhuḥ: again and again
• muhuḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: muhuḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• śucaḥ: griefs, lamentations
• śucaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śuc (प्रातिपदिक; ‘grief’)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about lamentation after death?

This verse depicts natural human grief: the women embrace their fallen husbands and cry out repeatedly, showing the intense sorrow that follows violent death on the battlefield.

Who are the women crying in Canto 10 Chapter 44 of Srimad Bhagavatam?

They are the wives of the warriors who have been slain in the arena and surrounding conflict connected with Kaṁsa’s fall; the verse focuses on their collective lamentation rather than naming individuals.

Practical application of this Bhagavatam verse in modern life?

It reminds us that worldly attachments bring inevitable grief at separation; cultivating spiritual remembrance and devotion helps one face loss with deeper perspective and steadiness.