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Mantra 1

Sukta 53

कालः। कालो अश्वो वहति सप्तरश्मिः सहस्राक्षो अजरो भूरिरेताः । तमा रोहन्ति कवयो विपश्चितस्तस्य चक्रा भुवनानि विश्वा

kāláḥ | kā́lo áśvo vahati saptáraśmiḥ sahasrā́kṣo ajáro bhū́riretāḥ | tám ā́ rohanti kaváyo vipaścítaḥ tásya cakrā́ bhúvanāni víśvā ||

Time—Time is the Steed that beareth on, with seven reins, thousand-eyed, unaging, of plenteous seed. Him mount the Poets, the discerning sages: his wheels are all the worlds that be.

Kāla (le Temps). Le Temps est l’étalon qui porte en avant, aux sept rênes, aux mille yeux, sans vieillesse, de semence abondante. Les poètes, les sages clairvoyants, le chevauchent ; ses roues sont tous les mondes.

कालःTime
कालः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकाल- (प्रातिपदिक)
कालःTime
कालः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकाल- (प्रातिपदिक)
अश्वःhorse
अश्वः:
Kartā (समानााधिकरण/उपमा-रूपक: ‘कालः’ = ‘अश्वः’)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
वहतिcarries, bears
वहति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु)
सप्तरश्मिःhaving seven reins/rays
सप्तरश्मिः:
Kartā (विशेषण: ‘अश्वः’)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootसप्त- + रश्मि- (प्रातिपदिक; समास: कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-प्राय)
सहस्राक्षःthousand-eyed
सहस्राक्षः:
Kartā (विशेषण: ‘अश्वः/कालः’)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootसहस्र- + अक्षि/अक्ष- (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
अजरःunaging
अजरः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + जर- (प्रातिपदिक)
भूरिरेताःof abundant seed/energy
भूरिरेताः:
Kartā (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootभूरि- + रेतस्- (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
तम्him/that (Time)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
onto, up to
:
(क्रियाविशेषण/दिशा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
रोहन्तिmount, ascend
रोहन्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootरुह् (धातु)
कवयःseers, poets
कवयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकवि- (प्रातिपदिक)
विपश्चितःthe discerning, wise
विपश्चितः:
Kartā (विशेषण: ‘कवयः’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootवि- + पश्य् → विपश्चित् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘विशेषेण पश्यति’)
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चक्राwheels
चक्रा:
Kartā (समानााधिकरण/विधेय: ‘भुवनानि’)
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
भुवनानिworlds, realms
भुवनानि:
Kartā (समानााधिकरण: ‘चक्रा’)
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन- (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाall, entire
विश्वा:
Kartā (विशेषण: ‘भुवनानि’)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)

Rishi: Traditionally attributed in later lists to a Kāla-seer complex (often Atharvanic/Angirasa associations in AV 19).

Devata: Kāla (Time).

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (late AV speculative hymns often use triṣṭubh/jagatī patterns).

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"Awe at the vast steed of time → calm acceptance as sages ‘mount’ it.","listener_experience":"Vastness, perspective, reduced urgency; a sense that life is carried within a larger rhythm.","intensity":6}