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Shloka 28

सर्गभेदाः — अविद्या, स्रोतोभेदाः, नव सर्गाः, देवासुरादिसृष्टिः, वेद-यज्ञप्रादुर्भावः

कर्मभिर् भाविताः पूर्वैः कुशलाकुशलैस् तु ताः ख्यात्या तया ह्य् अनिर्मुक्ताः संहारे ऽप्य् उपसंहृताः

karmabhir bhāvitāḥ pūrvaiḥ kuśalākuśalais tu tāḥ khyātyā tayā hy anirmuktāḥ saṃhāre 'py upasaṃhṛtāḥ

Marcados por sus actos pasados, buenos y malos, los seres quedan atados a esa disposición adquirida; sin liberarse de ella, son recogidos aun en el tiempo de la disolución.

कर्मभिःby actions (karmas)
कर्मभिः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
भाविताःconditioned, influenced
भाविताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
पूर्वैःformer, previous
पूर्वैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (कर्मभिः सह)
कुशलाकुशलैःby good and bad (deeds)
कुशलाकुशलैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल (प्रातिपदिक) + अकुशल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (कुशलैः च अकुशलैः च)
तुbut, indeed
तु:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)
ताःthey (those)
ताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
ख्यात्याby (their) reputation/fame
ख्यात्या:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootख्याति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
तयाby that
तया:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (ख्यात्या इति सह)
हिindeed, for
हि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formहेतौ/निश्चयार्थक-निपात (particle: for/indeed)
अनिर्मुक्ताःnot released, not freed
अनिर्मुक्ताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्- (उपसर्ग/निषेध) + निर् + मुच् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle) नकारान्त-निषेध सहित; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (ताः इति)
संहारेin dissolution
संहारे:
Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसंहार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
अपिeven, also
अपि:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपेक्षार्थक-निपात (particle: also/even)
उपसंहृताःdrawn back, reabsorbed
उपसंहृताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + सं + हृ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)

B
Beings (jīvas)
K
Karma
P
Pralaya (cosmic dissolution)

FAQs

This verse states that beings are still conditioned by prior good and bad actions and are absorbed at dissolution without being freed from those impressions, implying continuity of karmic causality across cosmic cycles.

He indicates that past deeds ‘shape’ beings into particular dispositions, and that disposition remains unbroken; even when the universe is withdrawn, the jīva’s karmic conditioning is not automatically dissolved.

Vishnu is implied as the supreme regulator of universal order: creation and dissolution occur under his sovereignty, while moral causality persists so that beings re-emerge in accordance with their karma.