HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 35Shloka 45
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Vamana Purana — Harihara Revelation, Shloka 45

Harihara Revelation and the Kurukshetra Tirtha Cycle: Sthanu in Vishnu and the Sanctification of Saptasarasvata

दुर्भिक्षे व्यसने चापि येनात्मा विनिवेदितः स स्वयन्दत्त इत्युस्तथान्यः कारणान्तरैः

durbhikṣe vyasane cāpi yenātmā viniveditaḥ sa svayandatta ityustathānyaḥ kāraṇāntaraiḥ

Aun en tiempo de hambruna o de calamidad, aquel que ha ofrecido (entregado) su propia persona es llamado svayaṃdatta, “dado por sí mismo”; del mismo modo, otro puede ser llamado así por otras causas.

dur-bhikṣein famine
dur-bhikṣe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdur (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + bhikṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (दुष्टं/कठिनं भिक्षम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
vyasanein calamity
vyasane:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-निपात (also/even)
yenaby whom
yena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम
ātmāself/person
ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
viniveditaḥsurrendered/offered
viniveditaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-ni-vid (धातु)
Formवि-नि-उपसर्ग + क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; "offered/surrendered"
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
svayam-dattaḥself-given (one who gives himself)
svayam-dattaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsvayam (अव्यय) + datta (कृदन्त)
Formकर्मधारय-समास ("स्वयम् दत्तः"), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणार्थक-अव्यय
uktaḥis called
uktaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; "is said/called"
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/so)
anyaḥanother (one)
anyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
kāraṇa-antaraiḥby other reasons
kāraṇa-antaraiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास ("कारणानाम् अन्तरैः" = by other reasons), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
Not specified in input (didactic dharma passage; likely a sage/narrator instructing a listeneras common in Purāṇic dharma sections).
Dharma teachingEthics of self-surrender/self-saleFamine ethics (durbhikṣa-dharma)Definitions/classifications in dharma discourse

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

It is a dharma-technical label for a person who has ‘given himself’—i.e., surrendered his person/agency under extreme conditions (such as famine) or other specified circumstances. The verse is definitional rather than devotional.

The wording functions as classification: it identifies who is called ‘self-given’ under famine/calamity and other causes. Purāṇic dharma sections often record such categories without presenting them as universally desirable.

Famine is a classic ‘exceptional circumstance’ in dharma literature where normal social-economic rules are discussed with special nuance; this verse anchors the definition of svayaṃdatta in such crisis conditions.