Sama Veda — Pūrvārcika, Mantra 4
Indra’s sovereignty and exclusive praise at the Soma-pressing
तं वो दस्ममृतीषहं वसोर्मन्दानमन्धसः अभि वत्सं न स्वसरेषु धेनव इन्द्रं गीर्भिर्नवामहे
taṃ vo dasmamṛtīṣahaṃ vasormandānamandhasaḥ abhi vatsaṃ na svasareṣu dhenava indraṃ gīrbhirnavāmahe
taṃ1 vo2 dasmaṃ3 ṛtīṣahaṃ1 vasoḥ2 mandānaṃ3 andhasaḥ1 abhi2 vatsaṃ3 na1 svasareṣu2 dhenavaḥ3 indraṃ1 gīrbhir2 navāmahe3
A él, al Indra maravilloso, sometedor de los asaltantes, que se regocija en el jugo del Soma, dador de riqueza, lo engrandecemos para vosotros con cantos nuevos. Como las vacas lecheras, a sus propios mugidos, corren hacia el ternero, así nuestros himnos se apresuran hacia Indra.
tam | vaḥ | dasmam | ṛtīṣaham | vasoḥ | mandānam | andhasaḥ | abhi | vatsam | na | svasareṣu | dhenavaḥ | indram | gīrbhiḥ | navāmahe
Unknown/unspecified (requires specific Sāmavedic gāna-prayoga mapping for this arcika location)
{ "prastava": null, "udgitha": null, "pratihara": null, "upadrava": null, "nidhana": null, "structure_notes": "In Kauthuma practice, the semantic core (Indra-epithets + Soma exhilaration) is placed in udgītha/upadrava; simile-clause often receives melodic stretching to ‘paint’ the rushing motion.", "singer_assignments": "Prastotṛ intones prastāva; Udgātṛ carries udgītha and upadrava; Pratihartṛ answers in pratihāra; all join in nidhana for closure and ‘bandhana’ of the chant." }
{ "gloss_summary": "andhas is the expressed Soma; mandāna indicates Indra’s exhilaration from it. ṛtīṣaha is Indra as destroyer of rite-obstructing foes (rakṣas/śatravaḥ). The cow-to-calf simile shows hymns naturally tending toward Indra.", "ritual_interpretation": "The verse functions as an invitation and pleasing praise at the adhvara, strengthening the rite by securing Indra’s protective presence.", "theological_insight": "Indra’s delight in Soma is not mere pleasure but empowerment for dharma of the sacrifice—removing obstacles and granting vasu.", "etymology_highlights": "andhas (pressed Soma-essence); ṛtīṣaha (ṛti/obstruction + saha/overcome) as ‘obstacle-crusher’." }