Shloka 44

लङ्कादाह-प्रचोदनं तथा वानर-राक्षस-समरारम्भः

The Burning of Lanka and the Outbreak of Battle

Devanagari script

आदिष्टावानरेन्द्रास्तेसुग्रीवेणमहात्मना ।आसन्नद्वारमासाद्ययुध्यध्वंप्लवगर्षभाः ।।6.75.43।।यश्चवोवितथंकुर्वात्तत्रतत्रव्यवस्थितः ।स हन्तव्योहिसंफ्लुत्यराजशासनदूषकः ।।6.75.44।।

Transliteration

yaś ca vo vitathaṃ kurvāt tatratatra vyavasthitaḥ | sa hantavyo hi saṃphlutya rājaśāsanadūṣakaḥ ||

Translation

«Y quienquiera de vosotros, apostado aquí o allá, obre con falsedad o falte a su deber, debe ser muerto; pues mancilla el mandato del rey y corrompe la disciplina real».

Word by Word

• teṣu: when/among them
• teṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location; locative absolute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Saptamī (Locative/सप्तमी) Bahuvacana

• vānara-mukheṣu: among the monkey chiefs
• vānara-mukheṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location; locative absolute)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'vānareṣu mukhyāḥ' (chiefs among monkeys)

• dīpta-ulkā-ujjvala-pāṇiṣu: whose hands shone with burning torches
• dīpta-ulkā-ujjvala-pāṇiṣu: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīpta (कृदन्त, √dīp/दीप्) + ulkā (प्रातिपदिक) + ujjvala (प्रातिपदिक) + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī Bahuvacana; bahuvrīhi: 'dīptā ulkā yaiḥ ujjvalāḥ pāṇayaḥ teṣām' qualifying vānarāmukheṣu

• sthiteṣu: while (they) stood
• sthiteṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (स्था, धातु)
• Form: Past participle (क्त/PPP), Puṃliṅga, Saptamī Bahuvacana; locative absolute with teṣu...

• dvāram: the gate
• dvāram: Karma (कर्म/Object of āsādya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā Ekavacana

• āsādya: having reached
• āsādya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√sad (सद्, धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त)

• rāvaṇam: Ravana
• rāvaṇam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana

• manyuḥ: anger
• manyuḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana

• āviśat: entered/seized
• āviśat: Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√viś (विश्, धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/Past/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd) Ekavacana, Parasmaipada

Context

Sugriva the great king of Vanaras commanded all the bulls among Vanaras, to encounter after reaching the gate of Lanka. "He who is staying wherever they are does not obey the king's command will be killed for being guilty of flouting the command", ordered Sugriva to the Vanaras.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vānara forces

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is disciplined truthfulness and obedience to rightful command in a collective mission; undermining orders through false conduct is treated as a serious breach that endangers the whole community.

What is the narrative situation?

As the Vānara army prepares to fight at Laṅkā’s gate, Sugrīva warns against dereliction, deception, or disobedience among those posted at different points.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s commitment to order and integrity in leadership—insisting that success in a dharmic war requires truth, reliability, and unity.