Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 73, Shloka 9

इन्द्रजितः ब्रह्मास्त्र-यागः तथा वानरसेनाविध्वंसः

Indrajit’s Brahmastra Rite and the Crushing of the Vanara Host

Devanagari script

तमास्थायमहातेजारथंहरिरथोपमम् ।जगामसहसातत्रयत्रयुद्धमरिन्दमः ।।।।

Transliteration

tam āsthāya mahātejā rathaṃ harirathopamam |

jagāma sahasā tatra yatra yuddham arindamaḥ ||

Translation

Subiendo a aquel carro, resplandeciente como el de Indra, Indrajit—radiante y domador de enemigos—se apresuró al instante hacia donde rugía la batalla.

Word by Word

• tam: that (chariot)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object of 'āsthāya'

• āsthāya: having mounted
• āsthāya: Kriyā (क्रिया) (pūrvakāla)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā + sthā (धातु) + ya (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive (ल्यप्) 'having mounted/taken seat'; pūrvakāla-kriyā

• mahātejāḥ: of great splendor
• mahātejāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + tejas (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Karmadhāraya; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of implied subject (Indrajit)

• ratham: chariot
• ratham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object related to mounting/going

• harirathopamam: like Indra's chariot
• harirathopamam: Karma (कर्म) (as qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hari-ratha + upama (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: 'harirathasya upamaḥ' (like Indra's chariot); Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of 'ratham'

• jagāma: went
• jagāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ? actually perfect: Liṭ-lakāra (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• sahasā: swiftly, suddenly
• sahasā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra-avyaya adverb (suddenly/quickly)

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (adverbial location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Deśa-avyaya (देश-अव्यय) locative adverb

• yatra: where
• yatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (relative location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Relative locative adverb (यत्र)

• yuddham: battle
• yuddham: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (contextual locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā/Dvitīyā (1st/2nd), Ekavacana; here as location-context 'where the battle (was)'

• arindamaḥ: tamer of enemies
• arindamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (as qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ari + dama (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: 'arīn damayati' (enemy-tamer) as fixed epithet; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of subject

Context

Highly energetic he (Indrajith) was, a tamer of enemies, seated in the chariot that was like Indra's, quickly went to the battlefield from there.

Characters & Entities

• Indrajit
• Indra (Hari)
• Battlefield

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It underscores the power of disciplined force; dharma demands that such power be governed by right intent, not merely by capability.

What is the narrative situation?

Indrajit mounts his chariot and rushes to the active combat zone.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial vigor and initiative—qualities that in the Ramayana become virtuous only when yoked to righteous ends.