Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 12

सागरप्रतीक्षा-क्रोधप्रादुर्भावः

Rama’s Vigil at the Ocean and the Rise of Wrath

Devanagari script

नचदर्शयतेरूपंमन्दोरामस्यसागरः ।प्रयतेनापिरामेणयथार्हमभिपूजितः ।।6.21.12।।

Transliteration

na ca darśayate rūpaṃ mando rāmasya sāgaraḥ | prayatenāpi rāmeṇa yathārham abhipūjitaḥ ||6.21.12||

Translation

Pero el océano, torpe, no mostró su forma a Rāma; aunque Rāma, dueño de sí, lo honró debidamente y con la reverencia que correspondía.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: सम्बन्ध (negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात (negative particle)

• च: and/also
• च: सम्बन्ध (conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दर्शयते: shows
• दर्शयते: क्रिया (Verb/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु) (causative sense 'to show' via denominative/causative stem दर्शय-)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• रूपम्: form/appearance
• रूपम्: कर्म (Object/कर्मकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मन्दः: dull/indifferent
• मन्दः: विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; predicate/attribute of 'सागरः'

• रामस्य: of Rama/to Rama
• रामस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सागरः: the ocean
• सागरः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रयतेन: by the self-restrained
• प्रयतेन: करण (Instrument/करणकारक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रयत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; used adjectivally with 'रामेण'

• अपि: even/also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/समुच्चय-निपात (particle: 'even/also')

• रामेण: by Rama
• रामेण: करण (Instrument/agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यथार्हम्: according to propriety
• यथार्हम्: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + अर्ह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): 'as is proper'

• अभिपूजितः: honoured/worshipped
• अभिपूजितः: विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि + √पूज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past passive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; agrees with 'सागरः'

Context

Though Rama remained self-restrained and respected the ocean well according to propriety, the ocean was dull and did not show its real form.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sāgara (Ocean)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma involves proper conduct regardless of others’ behavior; Rāma fulfills propriety even when the other party fails to reciprocate.

What is the narrative situation?

Despite Rāma’s reverent petitioning, the ocean gives no sign or response, delaying the planned crossing.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-restraint (prayatna/saṃyama) and adherence to propriety (yathārha-pūjā).