Shloka 21

अभिज्ञानदानम् / The Gift of Recognition

Sita’s Token and Resolve

Devanagari script

तमुत्पातकृतोत्साहमवेक्ष्य हरिपुङ्गवम्।।5.40.20।।वर्धमानं महावेगमुवाच जनकात्मजा।अश्रुपूर्णमुखी दीना बाष्पगद्गदया गिरा।।5.40.21।।

Transliteration

tam utpātakṛtotsāham avekṣya haripuṅgavam ||5.40.20||

vardhamānaṃ mahāvegam uvāca janakātmajā |

aśrupūrṇamukhī dīnā bāṣpagadgadayā girā ||5.40.21||

Translation

Al ver al caudillo de los vánaras, animado para el salto y creciendo con gran rapidez y poderoso ímpetu, la hija de Janaka habló: desolada, con el rostro anegado en lágrimas y la voz entrecortada por sollozos.

Word by Word

• हनुमन्: O Hanuman
• हनुमन्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• सिंह-सङ्काशौ: lion-like
• सिंह-सङ्काशौ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) (qualifies भ्रातरौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक) + सङ्काश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुष (सिंह इव सङ्काशौ)

• भ्रातरौ: the two brothers
• भ्रातरौ: Karma (कर्म) (object of ब्रूयाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन

• राम-लक्ष्मणौ: Rama and Lakshmana
• राम-लक्ष्मणौ: Karma (कर्म) (apposition to भ्रातरौ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक) + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• सह-अमात्यम्: together with (his) ministers
• सह-अमात्यम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सह (अव्यय) + अमात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सह-तत्पुरुष (अमात्यैः सह) used adjectivally for सुग्रीवम्

• सर्वान्: all (of them)
• सर्वान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; includes all mentioned

• ब्रूयाः: you should tell
• ब्रूयाः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• हि: indeed
• हि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक/प्रेरणार्थक अव्यय (particle)

• अनामयम्: well-being
• अनामयम्: Karma (कर्म) (what to convey)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनामय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘well-being’

Context

Seeing Hanuman eager to leap, enlarging his body quickly, she appeared pitiable with her face filled with tears and throat choked.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sītā (Janakātmajā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassion toward those in suffering; the scene frames Sītā’s righteous endurance and the urgency of rescue aligned with justice.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān prepares to depart (and leap back), expanding his form; Sītā, overwhelmed with emotion, begins to address him with tear-choked words.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s heroic readiness and energy; Sītā’s steadfastness under grief and her sincere, truthful expression.