Shloka 65

Devanagari script

ततः परमगम्या स्याद्दिक्पूर्वा त्रिदशावृता।।4.40.65।।रहिता चन्द्रसूर्याभ्यामदृश्या तिमिरावृता।

Transliteration

tataḥ param agamyā syād dik pūrvā tridaśāvṛtā | rahitā candrasūryābhyām adṛśyā timirāvṛtā ||

Translation

Más allá, la región oriental se vuelve intransitable—custodiada por los dioses; privada de Luna y Sol, es invisible, envuelta en tinieblas.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: beyond that
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, ‘then/beyond that’

• paramāgamyā: utterly unreachable
• paramāgamyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama-agamya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Karmadhāraya ‘supremely unreachable’; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifying ‘dik’

• syāt: would be
• syāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (अस् धातु)
• Form: Liṅ (लिङ्, Optative), Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• dikpūrvā: the eastern quarter
• dikpūrvā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dik-pūrvā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Karmadhāraya ‘the eastern direction’; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• tridaśāvṛtā: guarded by the gods
• tridaśāvṛtā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tridaśa-āvṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Tatpuruṣa ‘covered/guarded by gods’; Kṛdanta: PPP (क्त) from ā-vṛ (वृ धातु), Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• rahitā: devoid (of)
• rahitā: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rahita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate adjective

• candrasūryābhyām: by the moon and the sun
• candrasūryābhyām: Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candra-sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Dvandva (द्वन्द्व) ‘moon and sun’; Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Dvivacana (द्विवचन)

• adṛśyā: invisible
• adṛśyā: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-dṛśya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘not visible’

• timirāvṛtā: enveloped in darkness
• timirāvṛtā: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: timira-āvṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Tatpuruṣa ‘covered with darkness’; Kṛdanta: PPP (क्त) from ā-vṛ, Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

Context

'Beyond, there is no Sun or Moon. Darkness pervades. It is neither accessible norvisible. It is guarded by the gods.

Characters & Entities

• Pūrvā diś (East)
• Tridaśa (gods)
• Candra (Moon)
• Sūrya (Sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes maryādā (limits). Even a righteous goal must respect boundaries—knowing where pursuit should stop to avoid reckless transgression.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva marks the farthest limit of the eastern route: a divine, dark, inaccessible region beyond ordinary travel, thereby defining the practical scope of the search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Viveka (prudent discernment) and maryādā-jñāna (knowledge of proper limits) in executing duty.