Shloka 13

द्वितीयः सर्गः (Sarga 2): Sugriva’s Alarm and Hanuman’s Commission

Devanagari script

ततस्तं भयसंविग्नं वालिकिल्बिषशङ्कितम्।उवाच हनुमान्वाक्यं सुग्रीवं वाक्यकोविदः।।

Transliteration

tatas taṃ bhaya-saṃvignaṃ vāli-kilbiṣa-śaṅkitam | uvāca hanumān vākyaṃ sugrīvaṃ vākya-kovidaḥ ||

Translation

Entonces Hanumān, diestro en la palabra, habló a Sugrīva, estremecido de miedo y receloso de alguna intriga o falta por parte de Vāli.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (then)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• bhaya-saṃvignam: agitated with fear
• bhaya-saṃvignam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhaya + saṃvigna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (भयेन संविग्नः), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• vāli-kilbiṣa-śaṅkitam: suspecting (some) misdeed of Vali
• vāli-kilbiṣa-śaṅkitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vāli + kilbiṣa + śaṅkita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (वालिकिल्बिषे शङ्कितः/वालिना कृतं किल्बिषं शङ्कते), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• uvāca: said/spoke
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• hanumān: Hanuman
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vākyam: words/speech
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• sugrīvam: to Sugriva
• sugrīvam: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• vākyakovidaḥ: skilled in speech
• vākyakovidaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vākya-kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (वाक्येषु कोविदः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Suspecting that Vali might have sent them (Rama and Lakshmana), Hanuman, skilful in communication, said to Sugriva who was trembling in fear:

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sugrīva
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Right speech in service of truth (satya) and welfare: Hanumān’s role models dharmic counsel—using communication to calm fear and seek clarity.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva fears Vāli’s schemes upon seeing Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān begins advising him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vāk-kauśalya (skillful speech) used for protection and good judgment.