Shloka 15

पञ्चदशः सर्गः — देवकृत-प्रार्थना, रावणवधोपायः, विष्णोः मानुषावतारनियोजनम्

Sarga 15: The Devas’ Petition, the Means to Slay Ravana, and Vishnu’s Commission to Incarnate as Man

Devanagari script

एतच्छ्रुत्वा प्रियं वाक्यं ब्रह्मणा समुदाहृतम्।सर्वे महर्षयो देवाः प्रहृष्टास्तेऽभवंस्तदा।।1.15.15।।

Transliteration

etac chrutvā priyaṃ vākyaṃ brahmaṇā samudāhṛtam | sarve maharṣayo devāḥ prahṛṣṭās te ’bhavaṃs tadā ||

Translation

Al oír estas gratas palabras pronunciadas por Brahmā, todos los dioses y los grandes rishis se llenaron de júbilo en aquel momento.

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally (इदम्-शब्द)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having heard’

• प्रियम्: dear/pleasing
• प्रियम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies वाक्यम्

• वाक्यम्: speech/statement
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ब्रह्मणा: by Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; agent in passive sense ‘by Brahmā’

• समुदाहृतम्: uttered/declared
• समुदाहृतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+उद्+आ+हृ (धातु)
• Form: कर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with वाक्यम्

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; qualifies महर्षयः देवाः (collectively)

• महर्षयः: great sages
• महर्षयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• देवाः: gods
• देवाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• प्रहृष्टाः: delighted
• प्रहृष्टाः: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र+हृष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate adjective

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; demonstrative pronoun ‘they/those’

• अभवन्: became/were
• अभवन्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; parasmaipada

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

Context

Having heard these pleasing words uttered by Brahma, all the devatas and maharshis were overwhelmed with joy.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Devas
• Maharṣis

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma brings reassurance: when a just means to end oppression is found, the guardians of the world rejoice because order can be restored.

What is the narrative situation?

After Brahmā explains how the rākṣasa can be slain, the gods and seers respond with relief and happiness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective commitment to world-welfare: devas and sages align in joy not for personal gain, but for the re-establishment of safety and righteousness.