Shloka 75

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

इतरेषां च वर्णानां प्रवृत्तमखिलं वद । ब्रह्मोवाच । आचाराल्लभते चायुराचाराल्लभते सुखम्

Transliteration

itareṣāṃ ca varṇānāṃ pravṛttamakhilaṃ vada | brahmovāca | ācārāllabhate cāyurācārāllabhate sukham

Translation

«Y expón por completo la conducta correcta de los demás órdenes sociales también». Dijo Brahmā: «De la recta conducta (ācāra) se obtiene larga vida; de la recta conducta se obtiene felicidad».

Word by Word

• itareṣām: of the others
• itareṣām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: itara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th), Plural; pronominal-adjective usage (‘of the others’)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• varṇānām: of the varṇas/classes
• varṇānām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th), Plural

• pravṛttam: prescribed/established (practice)
• pravṛttam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√vṛt (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; qualifies akhilam (or implied ‘karmam’)

• akhilam: all/entire
• akhilam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: akhila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• vada: tell/say
• vada: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person, Singular

• brahmā: Brahmā
• brahmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• ācārāt: from conduct
• ācārāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ācāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular

• labhate: obtains
• labhate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: labh (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• āyuḥ: life-span
• āyuḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st), Singular

• ācārāt: from conduct
• ācārāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ācāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th), Singular

• labhate: obtains
• labhate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: labh (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular

• sukham: happiness
• sukham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

Speaker

Brahmā

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: pravṛttamakhilaṃ = pravṛttam + akhilam; brahmovāca = brahmā + uvāca; ācārāllabhate = ācārāt + labhate; cāyurācārāl- = ca + āyuḥ + ācārāt (āyuḥ + ācārāt → āyurācārāt by visarga sandhi).

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā

FAQs

What is the core teaching of this verse?

It teaches that ācāra (right conduct) is the foundation of both longevity (āyuḥ) and happiness (sukha).

Who is speaking in this shloka and what is the setting?

The verse explicitly marks the speaker as Brahmā (“brahmovāca”), responding to a request to explain the proper conduct of the other varṇas.

What ethical lesson does this dialogue emphasize?

That ethical discipline and lived moral practice are not optional ideals but practical causes of well-being—producing both a stable life and inner/outer happiness.