Shloka 20

The Birth of Tāraka and the Prelude to the Deva–Asura War

Topic-based Title

Devanagari script

तामस्मै प्रददौ देवः पत्न्यर्थे पद्मसंभवः । वरांगीति च नामास्याः कृत्वा यातः पितापहः

Transliteration

tāmasmai pradadau devaḥ patnyarthe padmasaṃbhavaḥ | varāṃgīti ca nāmāsyāḥ kṛtvā yātaḥ pitāpahaḥ

Translation

El Padmasambhava (Brahmā), el dios nacido del loto, se la entregó como esposa; y, tras darle el nombre de «Varāṅgī», el Padre—destructor del pecado—partió.

Word by Word

• tām: her
• tām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad-pronoun stem (प्रातिपदिक: तद्)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• asmai: to him
• asmai: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam-pronoun stem (प्रातिपदिक: इदम्)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular

• pradadau: gave
• pradadau: Kriyā (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular, Parasmaipada; with preverb pra-

• devaḥ: the god
• devaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• patnī-arthe: for (his) wife-purpose, as a wife
• patnī-arthe: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: patnī (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; तत्पुरुष: ‘patnyāḥ arthaḥ’ (for the purpose of a wife) used adverbially

• padma-saṃbhavaḥ: Padmasaṃbhava (Brahmā)
• padma-saṃbhavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: padma (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘padmāt saṃbhavaḥ’ = lotus-born (Brahmā)

• varāṅgī: Varāṅgī (name)
• varāṅgī: Karma (कर्म/Name-object in naming)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅgī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; proper name; कर्मधारय: ‘varā aṅgāni yasyāḥ’ (having excellent limbs)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• nāma: name
• nāma: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; used in naming construction ‘nāma kṛtvā’

• asyāḥ: of her
• asyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam-pronoun stem (प्रातिपदिक: इदम्)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• kṛtvā: having made (it)
• kṛtvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), ‘having made/done’

• yātaḥ: went
• yātaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; used as finite sense ‘went’

• pitā-apahaḥ: Pitāpaha (epithet)
• pitā-apahaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + apaha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुष: ‘pitṝṇām apahaḥ’ / ‘pitā apahaḥ’ (one who takes away fathers; epithet)

Speaker

Narrator (contextual; specific dialogue pair not explicit in this single verse)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: patnyarthe = patnī-arthe; varāṃgīti = varāṅgī iti; nāmāsyāḥ = nāma asyāḥ; pitāpahaḥ = pitā-apahaḥ.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā (Padmasaṃbhava)

FAQs

What is the main event described in this verse?

Brahmā (the lotus-born) gives a woman to a man in marriage and names her “Varāṅgī,” then departs.

Who is “Padmasaṃbhava” in the Padma Purana?

“Padmasaṃbhava” means “born from the lotus” and is a common epithet of Brahmā.

What ethical or cultural idea is implied here?

The verse reflects the dhārmic ideal of marriage being sanctioned by an elder/creator-figure, with naming and giving in marriage portrayed as solemn, legitimizing acts.