Shloka 103

The Bhīma-Dvādaśī

Kalyāṇinī) Vow and the Anangadāna-Vrata (with a Courtesan-Conduct Discourse

Devanagari script

परिणीतानि यानि स्युर्बलाद्भुक्तानि यानि वै । तानि सर्वाणि देवेशः प्रोवाच वदतां वरः

Transliteration

pariṇītāni yāni syurbalādbhuktāni yāni vai | tāni sarvāṇi deveśaḥ provāca vadatāṃ varaḥ

Translation

«Ya sean mujeres debidamente desposadas, o aquellas ultrajadas por la fuerza: sobre todos esos casos, el Señor de los devas, el más excelso de los oradores, proclamó el dictamen.»

Word by Word

• परिणीतानि: married (formally wedded)
• परिणीतानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-नी (धातु) → परिणीत (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त)

• यानि: which (things/ones)
• यानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; relative pronoun

• स्युः: might be/are (in sense)
• स्युः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन

• बलात्: by force
• बलात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; ablative used adverbially (by force)

• भुक्तानि: enjoyed/violated
• भुक्तानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भुज् (धातु) → भुक्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त); here euphemistically 'enjoyed/violated'

• यानि: which (ones)
• यानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन; relative pronoun (repeated)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/उपपादक (indeed/emphatic particle)

• तानि: those
• तानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; correlative pronoun

• सर्वाणि: all
• सर्वाणि: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; agrees with तानि

• देवेशः: the Lord of the gods
• देवेशः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (देवानाम् ईशः)

• प्रोवाच: said/declared
• प्रोवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वदताम्: of those who speak
• वदताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वद् (धातु) → वदत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ) used as genitive plural 'of speakers'

• वरः: the best/excellent one
• वरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; predicate/apposition to देवेशः

Speaker

Unspecified in the given excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses to confirm the dialogue frame).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: स्युर्बलात् = स्युः + बलात्; प्रोवाच = प्र + उवाच (वच्-धातोः लिट्).

Characters & Entities

• Deveśa (Lord of the gods)

FAQs

Who is meant by “Deveśa” in this verse?

“Deveśa” literally means “Lord of the gods.” In many Purāṇic contexts it can refer to a supreme divine authority (often Viṣṇu or Śiva depending on section), but the exact identification here requires the surrounding verses.

What ethical issue is the verse introducing?

It introduces a dharma discussion about women who are either lawfully married or have suffered forced violation, indicating that a formal scriptural ruling is being stated for such situations.

Does this verse itself give the ruling?

No. This verse functions as a lead-in: it says that the authoritative speaker proclaimed the decision regarding all such cases; the specific rule is expected in the subsequent verses.