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Shloka 68

Instruction to Śatrughna and the Mobilization for Rāma’s Aśvamedha

येषां वेदाः प्रियतमा न च संसारजं सुखम् । स्वधर्मनिरता ये च तान्नमस्कुर्विहान्वितान्

yeṣāṃ vedāḥ priyatamā na ca saṃsārajaṃ sukham | svadharmaniratā ye ca tānnamaskurvihānvitān

Inclínate ante aquellos para quienes los Vedas son lo más amado, que no se deleitan en los placeres nacidos del mundo y permanecen firmes en su propio dharma sagrado: disciplinados y sin negligencia.

येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (सर्वनाम), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
वेदाःthe Vedas
वेदाः:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of implied ‘are’)
TypeNoun
Rootवेद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
प्रियतमाःmost dear
प्रियतमाः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रियतम (प्रातिपदिक; superlative)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); superlative (तमप्): “most dear” qualifying ‘वेदाः’
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; negation modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय): “and”
संसारजम्worldly-born
संसारजम्:
Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसंसार-ज (प्रातिपदिक; संसार + ज)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); compound: ‘born of worldly existence’ qualifying ‘सुखम्’
सुखम्pleasure/happiness
सुखम्:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of implied ‘is’)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); with negation: “(is) not (dear)” implied
स्वधर्मनिरताःdevoted to their own duty
स्वधर्मनिरताः:
Karta (कर्ता; describing the persons implied by ‘ये’)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व-धर्म-निरत (प्रातिपदिक; स्व + धर्म + निरत[कृदन्त])
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘निरत’ (engaged) from √रम् with नि; compound: ‘engaged in one’s own dharma’
येwho
ये:
Karta (कर्ता; subject of implied description)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय): “and”
तान्those (persons)
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
नमस्कुरुsalute/bow to
नमस्कुरु:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनमस्-√कृ (धातु; नामधातु/संयोग)
FormVerb; ‘नमस्कृ’ (to salute); Lakāra: Loṭ (लोट्, imperative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person/मध्यम), Singular (एकवचन)
विहान्वितान्endowed with/connected with (reading uncertain; likely ‘devoid of’ intended)
विहान्वितान्:
Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootविह-अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक; विह + अन्वित[कृदन्त])
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘अन्वित’ = endowed/possessed; ‘विह’ taken as ‘विहित/विह’ in sense of ‘free from/without’ is uncertain; context suggests ‘विहीन’ (devoid) was intended; here treated as adjective qualifying ‘तान्’

Unspecified (context-dependent within Pātāla-khaṇḍa dialogue)

Concept: Honor those who love the Veda, are disenchanted with saṃsāric pleasures, and remain steady in svadharma with vigilance (apramāda).

Application: Choose daily study/recitation, reduce indulgence, do one’s duties conscientiously, and cultivate apramāda (non-negligence) in speech, diet, and conduct.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A line of serene sages and householders stand with palms joined, each holding a palm-leaf manuscript, their faces calm and resolute. Behind them, worldly pleasures appear as faint, fading mirages—music, garlands, and gold dissolving into mist—while the figures remain anchored in svadharma like steady lamps in windless air.","primary_figures":["Vedic sages (ṛṣis)","disciplined householders (gṛhasthas)","a narrator-sage (optional)"],"setting":"Forest āśrama with a small fire-altar, deer grazing at a distance, and a quiet study pavilion with manuscripts.","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["sandalwood beige","smoke gray","leaf green","sunrise gold","indigo"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a dignified row of sages and dharmic householders holding palm-leaf Vedas, with gold leaf halos and ornate borders; a yajña-kuṇḍa and lamps in the foreground; worldly temptations painted as subdued, shadowy motifs fading at the edges; rich reds/greens, embossed gesso details on manuscripts and ornaments.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a tranquil Himalayan-forest hermitage at dawn; refined figures reading and bowing to disciplined elders; delicate trees, soft gradients, cool indigo shadows; worldly pleasures depicted as pale, dissolving vignettes in the background; lyrical restraint and clarity.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized sages with large eyes and bold outlines, holding manuscripts; a central flame altar; symbolic clouds of ‘saṃsāra-sukha’ rendered as muted forms dissipating; earthy reds, yellows, greens with temple-wall symmetry.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: devotional-dharma tableau with ornate floral borders; central motif of a lamp (apramāda) and manuscript; attendants in disciplined postures; lotuses and peacocks framing the scene; deep blues and gold accents, intricate textile patterning."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["rustling leaves","soft fire-crackle","tanpura drone","birds at dawn","measured silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तान् + नमस्कुरु → तान्नमस्कुरु; नमस्कुरु + विहान्वितान् → नमस्कुर्विहान्वितान् (र् + व sandhi). अंतिम पद ‘विहान्वितान्’ appears textually problematic; likely variant ‘विहीनान्’.

FAQs

It praises loving the Vedas, detachment from worldly pleasure (saṃsāra-ja sukha), and steadfastness in svadharma, supported by vigilance and discipline.

It presents faithful commitment to one’s rightful duty (svadharma) as a mark of the worthy—especially when paired with restraint and disinterest in merely worldly enjoyments.

Honor and emulate those who are guided by revealed wisdom (Vedas), live responsibly within their duty, and avoid being driven by transient pleasures.