Shloka 65

Adhyaya 81 — Suratha and Samadhi Seek Sage Medhas; Introduction to Mahamaya and the Madhukaitabha Origin Account

Sanskrit

विष्णुः शरीरग्रहणमहामीशान एव च ।

कारितास्ते यतोऽतस्त्वां कः स्तोतुं शक्तिमान् भवेत् ॥

Transliteration

viṣṇuḥ śarīragrahaṇam ahām īśāna eva ca / kāritās te yato 'tas tvāṃ kaḥ stotuṃ śaktimān bhavet

Translation

Puesto que incluso la asunción de un cuerpo por Viṣṇu, y asimismo el gran Īśāna, se producen por Ti, ¿quién podría ser capaz de alabarte?

Word by Word

• viṣṇuḥ: Viṣṇu
• viṣṇuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• śarīra-grahaṇa-mahā-īśānaḥ: the great lord Īśāna who takes a body
• śarīra-grahaṇa-mahā-īśānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarīra (प्रातिपदिक) + grahaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + īśāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; compound meaning 'the great lord (Īśāna) who assumes a body' (śarīrasya grahaṇam)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक निपात)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• kāritāḥ: were made to act / were impelled
• kāritāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त—कृदन्त) in causative sense (णिच्-भाव implied: 'caused to be done'); Masculine, Nominative, Plural; agrees with 'viṣṇuḥ ... īśānaḥ' as a coordinated subject (understood plural)

• te: by you / of you
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Second person pronoun, Genitive (6th—षष्ठी), Singular

• yataḥ: since, because
• yataḥ: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yataḥ (अव्यय/संबन्धबोधक)
• Form: Causal indeclinable (हेतुवाचक अव्यय)

• ataḥ: therefore
• ataḥ: Hetu/Phala (हेतु/फल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Inferential indeclinable (तस्मात्-अर्थक अव्यय)

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Second person pronoun, Accusative, Singular

• kaḥ: who
• kaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; interrogative

• stotum: to praise
• stotum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: stu (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• śaktimān: capable, powerful
• śaktimān: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śaktimat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; adjective qualifying 'kaḥ'

• bhavet: could be
• bhavet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Optative mood (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

Speakers

• Brahmā (stotra) to Devī

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī
• Viṣṇu
• Īśāna (Śiva)

Shakti Aspects

• Mahāmāyā as the impelling śakti behind embodiment and divine action

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Divine agency
• Embodiment/incarnation
• Theology of śakti

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

All capacity (śakti) is derivative; the verse teaches dependence on the Divine source rather than pride in role, power, or even divinity.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga/Pratisarga: embodiment and function of deities are treated as effects of the primordial power that governs manifestation and re-manifestation.

What is the esoteric significance?

“Śarīragrahaṇa” hints that form itself is a śakti-operation; the Absolute becomes ‘operative’ through power, and power is praised as ultimate.