Shloka 25

Adhyaya 65 — Svarocis Enjoys on the Mountain; A Debate on Marital Fidelity and Desire

Sanskrit

तस्य धर्मक्रियाहानिरह्न्यहनि जायते ।

सक्तोऽन्यभार्यया चान्यकामासक्तः सदैव सः ॥

Transliteration

tasya dharmakriyā-hānir ahany ahani jāyate | sakto 'nya-bhāryayā cānya-kāmāsaktaḥ sadaiva saḥ ||

Translation

Para él, la pérdida de las prácticas del dharma surge día tras día. Se apega a la esposa de otro hombre y permanece siempre entregado a otros deseos impropios.

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• dharma-kriyā-hāniḥ: decline of religious duties
• dharma-kriyā-hāniḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक) + hāni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: dharmakriyāyāḥ hāniḥ

• ahni: by day
• ahni: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; adverbial use

• ahani: day after day
• ahani: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; repetition (युगपद्) = 'day after day'

• jāyate: arises/occurs
• jāyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• saktaḥ: attached
• saktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sakta (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; √sañj/saṅg 'to attach' धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; past participle used adjectivally

• anya-bhāryayā: with another's wife
• anya-bhāryayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; 'with another's wife'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• anya-kāma-āsaktaḥ: addicted to other desires
• anya-kāma-āsaktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक) + āsakta (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; √sañj/saṅg धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; तत्पुरुषः: anyeṣu kāmeṣu āsaktaḥ

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadharana (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Svārociṣa-manvantara episode (specific speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha duties
• Sexual ethics
• Karmic decline

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Repeated indulgence in illicit desire is portrayed as cumulative: it steadily erodes both ritual discipline and moral restraint. The verse frames adultery and uncontrolled desire not as isolated lapses but as a pattern that dismantles dharma in daily life.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra instruction embedded within Manvantara narration (Manvantara). It is not sarga/pratisarga; it functions as ethical teaching within the manvantara frame.

What is the esoteric significance?

“Day by day” signals saṃskāra-accumulation: repeated choices create binding tendencies (vāsanā). Attachment to ‘another’s wife’ symbolizes misdirected grasping—appropriating what is not one’s own—leading to inner impurity and loss of sacred orientation.