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Shloka 29

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

नारं स्पृष्ट्वास्थि सस्त्रेहं स्नातः शुध्यति मानवः ।

आचाम्यैव तु निःस्त्रेहं गामालभ्यार्कमीक्ष्य वा ॥

Transliteration

nāraṃ spṛṣṭvāsthi sastrehaṃ snātaḥ śudhyati mānavaḥ | ācāmyaiva tu niḥstrehaṃ gām ālabhyārkam īkṣya vā ||

Translation

Si un hombre toca un hueso humano untado de grasa, queda puro mediante el baño. Pero si no está untado de grasa, queda puro con solo realizar el ācamana; o también tocando una vaca y/o contemplando el sol.

Word by Word
नारम्a man/person
नारम्:
कर्म (द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
स्पृष्ट्वाhaving touched
स्पृष्ट्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश् (धातु) → स्पृष्ट्वा (क्त्वान्त)
Formअव्ययभाव (gerund/क्त्वा), prior action
अस्थिbone
अस्थि:
कर्म (द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्थि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
सthat/with that
स:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootस (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; demonstrative used adjectivally
स्त्रेहम्fat/grease
स्त्रेहम्:
कर्म (द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्रेह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
स्नातःhaving bathed
स्नातः:
कर्ता (प्रथमा)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्ना (धातु) → स्नात (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) used predicatively, Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
शुध्यतिbecomes pure
शुध्यति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootशुध् (धातु)
Formलट् (present indicative), परस्मैपद, 3rd person, Singular
मानवःa human
मानवः:
कर्ता (प्रथमा)
TypeNoun
Rootमानव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
आचम्यhaving sipped water (ācamana)
आचम्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चम् (धातु) → आचम्य (क्त्वान्त)
Formअव्ययभाव (gerund/क्त्वा), prior action
एवonly/indeed
एव:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
निःwithout
निः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनिः (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश)
Formउपसर्गसदृश अव्यय (prefix-like particle) meaning ‘without’
स्त्रेहम्grease/fat
स्त्रेहम्:
कर्म (द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्रेह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; with निः = ‘without grease’
गाम्a cow
गाम्:
कर्म (द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
आलभ्यhaving touched/handled
आलभ्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-लभ् (धातु) → आलभ्य (क्त्वान्त)
Formअव्ययभाव (gerund/क्त्वा), prior action; ‘having touched/handled’
अर्कम्the sun
अर्कम्:
कर्म (द्वितीया)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
ईक्ष्यhaving looked at
ईक्ष्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootईक्ष् (धातु) → ईक्ष्य (क्त्वान्त)
Formअव्ययभाव (gerund/क्त्वा), prior action
वाor
वा:
सम्बन्ध (विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
Speakers
Dharma-instructional narration within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities
Sūrya
Key Themes
DharmaŚauca (purity)Degrees of impuritySnānaĀcamana

FAQs

Impurity is graded: the presence of ‘grease’ (organic residue) intensifies defilement and requires stronger cleansing (bath), while lesser contact is resolved by simpler rites (ācamana), reflecting proportionality.

Ācāra/dharma instruction.

Looking at the sun (arka) signifies turning the mind toward illuminative truth; touching the cow symbolizes contact with a culturally sacralized emblem of sattva and sustenance, used here as a ritual purifier.

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