Shloka 14

Adhyaya 25 — Madālāsā’s Return, Royal Succession, and the First Teaching to Vikrānta

Sanskrit

त्वं कञ्चुके शीर्यमाणे निजेऽस्मिंस्तस्मिंश्च देहे मूढतां मा व्रजेथाः ।

शुभाशुभैः कर्मभिर्देहमेतन्मदादिमूढैः सञ्चुकस्तेऽपिनद्धः ॥

Transliteration

tvaṃ kañcuke śīryamāṇe nije 'smiṃs tasmiṃś ca dehe mūḍhatāṃ mā vrajethāḥ / śubhāśubhaiḥ karmabhir deham etan madādimūḍhaiḥ sañcukaste 'pinaddhaḥ

Translation

Cuando esta “vestidura”—tu propio cuerpo—se desgasta y perece, no caigas en la ilusión respecto de ella. Este cuerpo es una túnica cosida y ceñida, fijada sobre ti por los confundidos (movidos por el orgullo y similares) mediante acciones kármicas auspiciosas e inauspiciosas.

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), उत्तम? (न), मध्यमपुरुष-संबोधनार्थ (2nd person reference); प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग/स्त्रीलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-अनिश्चित (gender not marked for pronoun)

• कञ्चुके: in the sheath/covering (body as a sheath)
• कञ्चुके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कञ्चुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• शीर्यमाणे: (while) decaying, being worn away
• शीर्यमाणे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीॄ (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि/आत्मनेपद-भावे (present passive/mediopassive sense), शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त (present participle), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine) — कञ्चुके इति विशेषणम्

• निजे: one’s own
• निजे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular) — कञ्चुके इति विशेषणम्

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter context)

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• देहे: in the body
• देहे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• मूढताम्: delusion, foolishness
• मूढताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूढता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• मा: do not
• मा: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Prohibition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (prohibitive particle)

• व्रजेथाः: you should go/enter (into)
• व्रजेथाः: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्रज् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• शुभ-अशुभैः: by good and bad
• शुभ-अशुभैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक) + अशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमास (copulative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural) — कर्मभिः इति विशेषणम्

• कर्मभिः: by actions/deeds
• कर्मभिः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• देहम्: the body
• देहम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण (pronominal adjective), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग (agreeing with देहम्), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• मद-आदि-मूढैः: by those deluded by intoxication and the like
• मद-आदि-मूढैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + मूढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (determinative; ‘madādyaiḥ mūḍhaiḥ’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural) — (कर्मभिः) इति विशेषणम्

• सञ्चुकः: the sheath/covering
• सञ्चुकः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सञ्चुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपिनद्धः: bound/fastened
• अपिनद्धः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपि-नह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त-प्रत्यय), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — सञ्चुकः इति विशेषणम्

Speakers

• Madālasā (queen) instructing her child (lullaby teaching)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Vairagya
• Karma
• Dehābhimāna (body-identification)
• Ātma-jñāna

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The body is impermanent and should not be treated as the self. Karma (good and bad) conditions embodiment; wisdom is to avoid pride-driven delusion and cultivate self-knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not a pancalakṣaṇa unit (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita) but a didactic-adhyātma passage embedded in narrative (upākhyāna).

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Garment’ imagery points to the ātman as the wearer and the body as a temporary covering shaped by saṃskāras; liberation begins with loosening identification with the covering.