Shloka 18

Adhyaya 24 — Kuvalayashva’s Refusal of Gifts and the Vision of Madalasa’s Maya

Sanskrit

ममोत्तमाङ्गे त्वत्पादरजसा यदिहास्पदम् ।

कृतं तेनैव न प्राप्तं किं मया पन्नगेश्वर ॥

Transliteration

mamottamāṅge tvat-pāda-rajasā yad ihāspadam / kṛtaṃ tenaiva na prāptaṃ kiṃ mayā pannageśvara

Translation

Puesto que aquí el polvo de tus pies ha hallado lugar sobre mi cabeza, ¿qué queda en verdad sin lograr con eso solo? Oh señor de las serpientes (Nāga), ¿qué no he alcanzado yo?

Word by Word

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• उत्तम-अङ्गे: on (my) head
• उत्तम-अङ्गे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (uttamam aṅgam)

• त्वत्-पाद-रजसा: with the dust of your feet
• त्वत्-पाद-रजसा: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + पाद (प्रातिपदिक) + रजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (tvataḥ pādasya rajaḥ)

• यत्: which
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम (relative)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)

• आस्पदम्: a resting-place/seat
• आस्पदम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आस्पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• कृतम्: made/done
• कृतम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)

• प्राप्तम्: attained/obtained
• प्राप्तम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• किम्: what?
• किम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartr (कर्ता/Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पन्नग-ईश्वर: O lord of serpents
• पन्नग-ईश्वर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्नग (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (pannagānām īśvaraḥ)

Speakers

• Human supplicant to the Nāga-lord (pannageśvara)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Pāda-sevā (reverence at the feet)
• Grace over self-effort
• Blessing as completion (kṛtakṛtyatā)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

True wealth is construed as grace and sanctification, not acquisition; reverence itself is presented as ‘already sufficient’ reward.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma teaching within narrative (nīti/dharma), not a primary pancalakṣaṇa strand.

What is the esoteric significance?

Placing ‘pāda-rajas’ on the head encodes inversion of ego: the ‘highest’ part bows to the ‘lowest’ (feet), indicating surrender that dissolves karmic lack.