Shloka 57

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

प्राप्तश्चार्थस्ततः पात्रे विनियोज्यो विधानतः ।

सत्यार्जव-तपो-दानैर्दयायुक्तो भवेत् सदा ॥

Transliteration

prāptaś cārthas tataḥ pātre viniyojyo vidhānataḥ | satyārjava-tapo-dānair dayā-yukto bhavet sadā ||

Translation

Cualquier riqueza que se obtenga debe asignarse, conforme a la norma, a receptores dignos. Uno debe estar siempre dotado de veracidad, rectitud, austeridad (tapas), caridad y compasión.

Word by Word

• प्राप्तः: obtained
• प्राप्तः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्राप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘अर्थः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• अर्थः: wealth/means
• अर्थः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तस्मात्/अनन्तरम् (thereafter/from that)

• पात्रे: in/for a worthy recipient
• पात्रे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-Recipient context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• विनियोज्यः: should be employed/allocated
• विनियोज्यः: Kriya (क्रिया: obligation predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-नि-युज् (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त, विधेय/gerundive)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त विधेय (Gerundive/Obligatory), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘अर्थः’ इत्यस्य विधेयम्

• विधानतः: according to injunction
• विधानतः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधानतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb) ‘according to rule’

• सत्यार्जवतपोदानेैः: by truth, honesty, austerity, and giving
• सत्यार्जवतपोदानेैः: Karana (करण/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आर्जव (प्रातिपदिक) + तपस् (प्रातिपदिक) + दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative: truth, straightforwardness, austerity, charity); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• दयायुक्तः: endowed with compassion
• दयायुक्तः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दया (प्रातिपदिक) + युक्त (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (endowed with compassion); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषणम्

• भवेत्: should be/become
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नित्यत्ववाचक (always)

Speakers

• Instructor voice within the dialogue

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Dāna
• Ethics of wealth
• Virtue cultivation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dāna is not random but ‘vidhānataḥ’—guided by discernment of worthiness and coupled with inner virtues; outer giving must mirror inner rectitude.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Normative dharma teaching; supportive ethical layer within Purāṇic narrative rather than a direct pancalakṣaṇa category.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Pātra’ can be read as receptivity: when the giver becomes satya-ārjava-yukta, the act of giving purifies both channels—intention and reception—turning artha into sādhana.