Shloka 74

अध्याय ५८ — वानरध्वजस्य महेन्द्रास्त्रप्रयोगः

Chapter 58: Arjuna’s Deployment of the Indra-Weapon

Devanagari script

स मन्युवशमापतन्नः पार्थमभ्यद्रवद्‌ रणे । किरज्छरसहस्राणि पर्जन्य इव वृष्टिमान्‌

Transliteration

sa manyuvaśam āpatan naḥ pārtham abhyadravad raṇe | kirac charasahasrāṇi parjanya iva vṛṣṭimān |

Translation

Dominado por la cólera, el hijo del maestro se lanzó contra Pārtha en el campo de batalla, derramando miles de flechas como nube cargada de lluvia.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मन्युवशम्: under the sway of anger
• मन्युवशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्युवश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आपतत्: fell into / came under
• Type: Verb
• Root: आपत् (धातु: पत्)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नः: of us / our
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Plural

• पार्थम्: Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)
• पार्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्यद्रवत्: rushed upon / charged at
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-द्रु (धातु: द्रु)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• किरन्: scattering / showering
• किरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: किर्
• Form: Śatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शर-सहस्राणि: thousands of arrows
• शर-सहस्राणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर; सहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• पर्जन्यः: a rain-cloud / Parjanya
• पर्जन्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्जन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• वृष्टिमान्: rain-bearing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृष्टिमत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Ācāryaputra (son of the teacher)
• battlefield (raṇa)
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical danger of krodha (anger): when a warrior becomes anger-controlled, even refined martial skill turns into uncontrolled aggression. Implicitly, it values self-mastery as essential for dharmic action in war.

What is happening in the narrative?

The teacher’s son, seized by rage, charges at Arjuna (Pārtha) in battle and unleashes a dense barrage—thousands of arrows—likened to a rain-cloud pouring down.