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Shloka 2

कृप-अर्जुन रथयुद्धम्

Kṛpa–Arjuna Chariot Engagement

ऋतवश्वापि युज्यन्ते तथा संवत्सरा अपि | एवं कालविभागेन कालचक्रं प्रवर्तते,भीष्मजीने कहा--कला, काष्ठा, मुहूर्त, दिन, मास, पक्ष, नक्षत्र, ग्रह, ऋतु और संवत्सर--ये सब एक-दूसरेसे जुड़ते हैं। इस तरह कालके इन छोटे-छोटे विभागोंद्वारा यह सम्पूर्ण कालचक्र चल रहा है

ṛtavaśvāpi yujyante tathā saṃvatsarā api | evaṃ kālavibhāgena kālacakraṃ pravartate ||

Bhīṣma dijo: “También las estaciones se enlazan en su debido orden, y lo mismo los años. Así, por la división ordenada del tiempo en sus partes, la gran rueda del Tiempo sigue girando.”

ऋतवःseasons
ऋतवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
युज्यन्तेare yoked/are joined
युज्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormPresent, Atmanepada (Passive/Reflexive usage), Third, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
संवत्सराःyears
संवत्सराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
काल-विभागेनby the division of time
काल-विभागेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकालविभाग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
काल-चक्रम्the wheel/cycle of time
काल-चक्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालचक्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेproceeds/continues to operate
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
kālacakra (Wheel of Time)
ṛtu (seasons)
S
saṃvatsara (years)

Educational Q&A

Time is not random; it moves as an ordered cycle. By understanding how smaller units (divisions) connect into larger ones (seasons and years), one sees the steady, law-governed turning of the kālacakra—supporting a dharmic view of cosmic regularity and human humility before time.

Bhīṣma is speaking in an instructive mode, describing how seasons and years are sequentially connected, and using this as a reflection on the continuous operation of the cycle of time.