Shloka 8

अर्जुन-कर्ण-सङ्ग्रामः

Arjuna–Karna Engagement in the Cattle-Raid Aftermath

Devanagari script

एकश्ष्‌ पञज्च वर्षाणि शक्रादस्त्राण्यशिक्षत । एक: सो<यमरिं जित्वा कुरूणामकरोद्‌ यश:

Transliteration

ekaḥ pañca varṣāṇi śakrād astrāṇy aśikṣata | ekaḥ so ’yam ariṁ jitvā kurūṇām akarod yaśaḥ ||

Translation

Dijo Kṛpa: «Solo, durante cinco años, aprendió de Śakra (Indra) las armas celestiales. Y solo también, tras vencer al enemigo, este mismo hombre acrecentó la gloria de los Kurus».

Word by Word

• एकः: alone/one (person)
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: —, —, —

• वर्षाणि: years (duration)
• वर्षाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• शक्रात्: from Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• अस्त्राणि: weapons (missiles)
• अस्त्राणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अशिक्षत: learned/was trained
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिक्ष्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• एकः: alone
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अयम्: this (man)
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अरिम्: enemy
• अरिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जित्वा: having conquered
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)

• कुरूणाम्: of the Kurus
• कुरूणाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• अकरोत्: made/did
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यशः: fame/glory
• यशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

कृप उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kṛpa
• Śakra (Indra)
• Kurus
• Arjuna (implied by context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Renown and authority are grounded in disciplined learning and demonstrated protection of one’s community; mastery (training under Indra) and righteous victory together constitute true yaśas for a kṣatriya.

What is happening in the narrative?

Kṛpa is praising Arjuna’s exceptional credentials—his long training in divine weaponry under Indra and his ability to win battles single-handedly—so that the listeners recognize Arjuna’s unmatched capability and the honor he brings to the Kuru line.