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Shloka 22

भीमस्य बल्लव-प्रतिज्ञा तथा अर्जुनस्य बृहन्नडा-रूप-निर्णयः

Bhīma’s Ballava Vow and Arjuna’s Decision to Become Bṛhannadā

यस्य बाहू समौ दीर्घौ ज्याघातकठिनत्वचौ । दक्षिणे चैव सव्ये च गवामिव वह: कृत:,जिसकी दोनों भुजाएँ एक-सी विशाल हैं; प्रत्यंचाके आधातसे उनकी त्वचा कठोर हो गयी है। जैसे बैलोंके कंधोंपर जुआठेकी रगड़से चिह्न बन जाता है, उसी प्रकार जिसकी दाहिनी और बायीं भुजाओंपर प्रत्यंचाकी रगड़से चिह्न बन गये हैं

yasya bāhū samau dīrghau jyāghāta-kaṭhina-tvacau | dakṣiṇe caiva savye ca gavām iva vahaḥ kṛtaḥ ||

Dijo Yudhiṣṭhira: «Aquel cuyos dos brazos son igualmente largos y poderosos, cuya piel se ha endurecido por el repetido golpe de la cuerda del arco—y en cuyos brazos derecho e izquierdo hay marcas, como las del yugo en los hombros de los bueyes—lleva las señales inconfundibles de un arquero ejercitado».

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
बाहूtwo arms
बाहू:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
समौequal, alike
समौ:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
दीर्घौlong
दीर्घौ:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
ज्याघातकठिनत्वचौhaving skin hardened by the удар/impact of the bowstring
ज्याघातकठिनत्वचौ:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootज्या + आघात + कठिन + त्वच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
दक्षिणेon the right (side/arm)
दक्षिणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सव्येon the left (side/arm)
सव्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसव्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गवाम्of cattle/oxen
गवाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
वहःyoke-burden / yoke-mark (from carrying the yoke)
वहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतःmade, formed
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
bowstring (jyā)
O
oxen/cattle (gāvaḥ)
Y
yoke (vahaḥ)

Educational Q&A

True capability leaves discernible signs: disciplined practice and lived duty (especially kṣatriya training) manifest physically and cannot be fully concealed by outward disguise.

In the Virāṭa episode, Yudhiṣṭhira is identifying (or describing how to identify) a seasoned warrior/archer by bodily marks—hardened skin and bowstring abrasions on both arms—comparing them to yoke-marks on oxen.