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Shloka 17

दमयन्तीवाक्य-प्रेषणम्

Damayantī’s Message and the Dispatch of Brahmin Envoys

त्यक्ता तेनाल्‍पपुण्येन दुष्करं यदि जीवति । एका बालानभिशज्ञा च मार्गाणामतथोचिता,“वह नारी इतनी पतिव्रता थी कि संकटकालमें भी उस पुरुषके पीछे-पीछे वनमें चली गयी; किंतु उस अल्प पुण्यवाले पुरुषने उसे वनमें ही त्याग दिया। अब तो यदि वह जीवित होगी तो बड़े कष्टसे उसके दिन बीतते होंगे। वह स्त्री अकेली थी। उसे मार्गका ज्ञान नहीं था। जिस संकटमें वह पड़ी थी, उसके योग्य वह कदापि नहीं थी

tyaktā tenālpapuṇyena duṣkaraṃ yadi jīvati | ekā bālānabhijñā ca mārgāṇām atathocitā ||

Dijo Bṛhadaśva: «Abandonada por ese hombre de escaso mérito, si aún vive, su vida debe transcurrir con enorme penuria. Era una joven, dejada completamente sola—sin conocer rutas ni senderos, y del todo incapaz de soportar el peligro en que había caído».

त्यक्ताabandoned
त्यक्ता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यक्त (√त्यज्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अल्पपुण्येनby the little-merit(ed) one
अल्पपुण्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्पपुण्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
दुष्करम्with difficulty; a hard thing
दुष्करम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
जीवतिlives
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Root√जीव्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एकाalone; one
एका:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बालान्children; young ones
बालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिशज्ञाknowing; acquainted (with)
अभिशज्ञा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिशज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मार्गाणाम्of paths; of routes
मार्गाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अतथोचिताnot fit/suited (for that)
अतथोचिता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतथोचित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

बृहृदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
A
an unnamed woman (abandoned wife)
A
an unnamed man (of scant merit)
F
forest/wilderness (implicit from context)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts steadfast devotion and vulnerability with the moral failure of abandoning a dependent spouse. It frames abandonment as a sign of diminished virtue (alpa-puṇya) and invites compassion for those left helpless and unprepared for danger.

Bṛhadaśva comments on a woman who followed her husband into hardship, yet was deserted by him. He reflects that if she is still alive, she must be enduring severe suffering—alone, unfamiliar with routes, and unfit for the crisis she faces.