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Shloka 8

Sudeva Identifies Damayantī in Cedi (सुदेवेन दमयन्ती-परिचयः)

ते तान्‌ ग्राम्यगजान्‌ दृष्टवा सर्वे वनगजास्तदा । समाद्रवन्त वेगेन जिघांसन्तो मदोत्कटा:,तब वनमें रहनेवाले उन सभी मदोन्मत्त गजोंने उन ग्रामीण हाथियोंको देखकर उन्हें मार डालनेकी इच्छासे उनपर वेगपूर्वक आक्रमण किया

te tān grāmyagajān dṛṣṭvā sarve vanagajāstadā | samādravanta vegena jighāṃsanto madotkaṭāḥ ||

Dijo Bṛhadaśva: «Entonces todos aquellos elefantes del bosque, hinchados por el celo, al ver a los elefantes domésticos, se lanzaron contra ellos a toda velocidad, impulsados por el deseo de matar.»

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ग्राम्यगजान्domestic/village elephants
ग्राम्यगजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम्यगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वनगजाःforest elephants
वनगजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवनगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
समाद्रवन्तran forth / rushed
समाद्रवन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + द्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वेगेनwith speed
वेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जिघांसन्तःwishing to kill / intending to slay
जिघांसन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Parasmaipada
मदोत्कटाःfierce with rut/intoxication
मदोत्कटाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमदोत्कट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

बृहदश्चव उवाच

बृहदश्व (Bṛhadaśva)
वनगज (forest elephants)
ग्राम्यगज (village/domesticated elephants)
वन (forest)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of mada—intoxicating pride or rut—where power without restraint becomes destructive. It implicitly values self-control and disciplined strength as dharmic virtues.

Wild forest elephants, excited by rut, see domesticated village elephants and rush at them violently, intending to kill, creating a sudden and dangerous clash.