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Shloka 21

Draupadī’s Lament and the Question of Kṣatriya Forbearance (द्रौपद्याः शोकप्रलापः क्षमानिर्णयश्च)

वा जम हर्तृश्ष तेजसैवोपगच्छति । लोक: सर्पाद्‌ वेश्मगतादिव,जो उपकारी मनुष्यों और चोरोंके साथ भी उत्तेजनायुक्त बर्ताव ही करता है, उससे सब लोग उसी प्रकार उद्दिग्न होते हैं, जैसे घरमें रहनेवाले सर्पसे

vā jama hartr̥śa tejasāivopagacchati | lokaḥ sarpād veśmagatādiva, yo upakārī manuṣyāṁś ca corāṁś ca saha api uttejanāyuktaṁ vyavahāram eva karoti; tena sarve lokāḥ tathā udvignā bhavanti yathā gṛhe nivāsinaḥ sarpeṇa |

Dijo Prahlāda: Aun quien es capaz de ayudar a los demás, si se acerca a la gente con puro ardor de mal genio y se conduce de modo provocador y perturbador—hasta con los hombres comunes y aun con los ladrones—hace que todos se inquieten. La gente se alarma por él como los moradores de una casa ante una serpiente que vive dentro.

वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
हर्तृthief; robber
हर्तृ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहर्तृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तेजसाby (his) power/energy
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपगच्छतिapproaches; comes near
उपगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
लोकःpeople; the world
लोकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सर्पात्from a snake; because of a snake
सर्पात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
वेश्मगतात्from one that has entered the house (i.e., a house-dwelling snake)
वेश्मगतात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootवेश्म-गत
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

प्रह्माद उवाच

प्रह्लाद (Prahlāda)
लोक (people/society)
सर्प (snake)
वेश्म/गृह (house)

Educational Q&A

Beneficial intent is not enough; if one’s dealings are driven by anger and provocation, society feels threatened and disturbed. Ethical conduct requires restraint (dama) and gentle, appropriate behavior, not merely power or zeal.

Prahlāda is instructing about proper conduct: a person who behaves with heated, provocative energy—even if he claims to be helpful—creates fear and unrest, like a snake living inside a household that keeps everyone on edge.