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Shloka 60

Duryodhana’s Śaraṇāgati and the Pāṇḍavas’ Resolve

Gandharva Encounter

चचाल व्यनदच्चोर्वी तमोभूतं जगद्‌ बभौ । ततस्तद्‌ दारुणं दृष्टवा क्षुभित: शड्करस्तदा

cacāla vyanadac corvī tamobhūtaṁ jagad babhau | tatas tad dāruṇaṁ dṛṣṭvā kṣubhitaḥ śaṅkaras tadā ||

La tierra tembló y bramó, y el mundo entero pareció envuelto en tinieblas. Al ver aquel presagio espantoso, Śaṅkara (Śiva) se agitó entonces—un giro ominoso en el curso de los acontecimientos.

चचालshook/moved
चचाल:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचल्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्यनदत्roared/resounded
व्यनदत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उर्वीthe earth
उर्वी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउर्वी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तमोभूतम्become dark
तमोभूतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतमस्-भूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बभौbecame/appeared
बभौ:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दारुणम्terrible
दारुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada (usage)
क्षुभितःagitated/disturbed
क्षुभितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुभ्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शङ्करःŚaṅkara (Śiva)
शङ्करः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाat that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

मार्कण्डेय (Mārkaṇḍeya)
शङ्कर (Śaṅkara/Śiva)
उर्वी (the Earth)
जगत् (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how grave moral or cosmic imbalance is mirrored by nature through ominous signs; such portents signal that events have reached a critical threshold requiring divine attention and corrective action.

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a terrifying upheaval: the earth shakes and roars, darkness covers the world, and Śaṅkara, witnessing this dreadful sign, becomes stirred and disturbed—indicating an impending decisive development.